Design and Characterization of PAA/CHI/Triclosan Multilayer Films with Long-Term Antibacterial Activity
Savdenbekova B. Sailau A. Seidulayeva A. Bekissanova Z. Jumagaziyeva A. Nemkayeva R.
July 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Polymers
2025#17Issue 13
The development of antibacterial coatings for biomedical applications is crucial to prevent implant-associated infections (IAIs). In this study, we designed and evaluated a multilayer coating based on chitosan (CHI), polyacrylic acid (PAA), and triclosan (TCS) using the layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique. The successful incorporation of TCS was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Surface roughness and topography were analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the pH-dependent behavior of PAA/CHI films was studied to assess its effect on TCS loading. According to disk diffusion assays, coatings assembled at pH 5 (PAA5/CHI5/TCS) exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 60.0 ± 0.0 mm for S. aureus and 33.67 ± 1.5 mm for E. coli. The long-term stability of the coatings was evaluated by measuring the antibacterial activity after 1, 10, 20, 30, and 40 days, with results confirming that antimicrobial properties and structural integrity were preserved over time. Furthermore, TCS release kinetics were assessed under physiological (pH 7.4) and acidic (pH 5.5) conditions, revealing enhanced release at pH 5.5. These findings highlight the potential of this multilayer system for biomedical applications requiring both stability and pH-responsive drug release.
antibacterial coating , drug delivery , layer-by-laver , triclosan
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Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Center of Physical-Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
Scientific Center for Anti-Infectious Drugs, Almaty, 050060, Kazakhstan
National Nanotechnology Laboratory of Open Type, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Center of Physical-Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis
Scientific Center for Anti-Infectious Drugs
National Nanotechnology Laboratory of Open Type
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