Isolation and chemical characterization of secondary metabolites from Gazania rigens and their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities

Samy M.N. Kemelbek M. Gomaa A.A.-R. Darwish A.G. Burasheva G.S. Ross S.A.
2025 Taylor and Francis Ltd.

Natural Product Research
2025 #39 Issue 19 5722 - 5726 pp.

Phytochemical study of Gazania rigens whole plant led to isolation and structural characterisation of six known compounds including lupeol (1), lupenone (2), β-sitosterol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside (3), dunalianoside D (4), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), and tachioside (6). Compounds (1–4, and 6) were isolated for the first time. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using different spectroscopic analyses such as ¹H,¹³C, and DEPT NMR analyses, besides HR-ESI-MS analysis. The isolated compounds and fractions were screened for in vitro antimicrobial activity against various bacterial and fungal strains. Only lupeol (1) exhibited a moderate antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae with IC₅₀ value of 19.05 µg/mL. The cytotoxic potential of the total ethanol extract and its derived fractions of G. rigens was evaluated against the MDA-MB-468 TNBC cell line using MTT assay. The petroleum ether, EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions exhibited a moderate inhibitory action with IC₅₀ values of 22.42 ± 0.63, 25.55 ± 1.53, and 28.07 ± 0.63, respectively.

antimicrobial , Asteraceae , cytotoxicity , Gazania rigens , phytoconstituents

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Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
Department of Chemistry and Technology of Organic Substances, Natural Compounds and Polymers, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
Department of BioMolecular Science, Division of Phamacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, MS, United States

Department of Pharmacognosy
National Center for Natural Products Research
Department of Chemistry and Technology of Organic Substances
Department of Agricultural Chemistry
Department of BioMolecular Science

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