First Results of Studying EAS Cores Using a High-Mountain Ionization Calorimeter
Sadykov T. Mukhamedshin R. Galkin V. Argynova A. Almenova A. Argynova K. Makhmet K. Novolodskaya O. Idrissova T. Zhukov V. Piscal V. Sadykov Z.
March 2024Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Particles
2024#7Issue 140 - 51 pp.
In high-altitude experiments to study the central cores of EAS at E0 ≳ 1016 eV (√s ≳ 5 TeV) using X-ray emulsion chambers and ionization calorimeters, phenomena such as the coplanarity of the arrival of the most energetic particles in super families of γ-rays and hadrons and a so-called Tien Shan effect (too slow absorption of cascades initiated by high-energy hadrons in the calorimeter) were observed. These effects could not be reproduced within the framework of theoretical models of the 80s and 90s. The coplanarity is explained via a process of coplanar generation of the most energetic secondary particles in interactions of super high-energy hadrons with nuclei of air atoms. Perhaps the Tien Shan effect could be explained using a high cross section for the generation of fragmentation-region charmed hadrons. To study these phenomena, a new set of detectors has been developed, including the world’s highest high-mountain ionization calorimeter, “Hadron-55”. This paper presents the initial experimental results.
cosmic rays , extensive air shower (EAS) , hadron cascade , ionization chambers , ionization-neutron calorimeter , Monte Carlo simulation , scintillation detector
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Institute of Physics and Technology, Satbayev University, Almaty, 050032, Kazakhstan
Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117312, Russian Federation
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
Faculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Tien-Shan High-Mountain Scientific Station of the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, 050020, Kazakhstan
College of New Materials and Nanotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
Institute of Physics and Technology
Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics
Faculty of Physics and Technology
Tien-Shan High-Mountain Scientific Station of the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the Republic of Kazakhstan
College of New Materials and Nanotechnologies
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