Differences in presentation, diagnosis and management of heart failure in women. A scientific statement of the Heart Failure Association of the ESC


Rosano G.M.C. Stolfo D. Anderson L. Abdelhamid M. Adamo M. Bauersachs J. Bayes-Genis A. Böhm M. Chioncel O. Filippatos G. Hill L. Lainscak M. Lambrinou E. Maas A.H.E.M. Massouh A.R. Moura B. Petrie M.C. Rakisheva A. Ray R. Savarese G. Skouri H. Van Linthout S. Vitale C. Volterrani M. Metra M. Coats A.J.S.
August 2024John Wiley and Sons Ltd

European Journal of Heart Failure
2024#26Issue 81669 - 1686 pp.

Despite the progress in the care of individuals with heart failure (HF), important sex disparities in knowledge and management remain, covering all the aspects of the syndrome, from aetiology and pathophysiology to treatment. Important distinctions in phenotypic presentation are widely known, but the mechanisms behind these differences are only partially defined. The impact of sex-specific conditions in the predisposition to HF has gained progressive interest in the HF community. Under-recruitment of women in large randomized clinical trials has continued in the more recent studies despite epidemiological data no longer reporting any substantial difference in the lifetime risk and prognosis between sexes. Target dose of medications and criteria for device eligibility are derived from studies with a large predominance of men, whereas specific information in women is lacking. The present scientific statement encompasses the whole scenario of available evidence on sex-disparities in HF and aims to define the most challenging and urgent residual gaps in the evidence for the scientific and clinical HF communities.

Device , Heart failure , Medical therapy , Risk factor , Sex , Women

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Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Cardiology, San Raffaele Cassino Hospital, Cassino, Italy
Division of Cardiology, Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. Georges University of London and St Georges University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Poujol, CIBERCV, Badalona, Spain
Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
University of Medicine Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases ‘Prof. C.C. Iliescu’, Bucharest, Romania
National & Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens University Hospital Attikon, Chaidari, Greece
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom
Division of Cardiology, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Rakičan, Slovenia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Department of Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
Armed Forces Hospital, Porto, Portugal
Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
City Cardiological Center, Almaty Kazakhstan Qonaev city hospital, Almaty Region, Kazakhstan
Department of Cardiology, St Georges Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Heart and Vascular and Neuro Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Division of Cardiology, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical city, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
Cardio-Pulmonary Department, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Chair of Pharmacology
Cardiology
Division of Cardiology
Division of Cardiology
Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia
Department of Cardiology and Angiology
Heart Institute
Klinik für Innere Medizin III
University of Medicine Carol Davila
Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases ‘Prof. C.C. Iliescu’
National & Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine
School of Nursing and Midwifery
Division of Cardiology
Faculty of Medicine
Department of Nursing
Department of Cardiology
Hariri School of Nursing
Armed Forces Hospital
Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto
School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health
City Cardiological Center
Department of Cardiology
Heart and Vascular and Neuro Theme
Division of Cardiology
Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin
German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)
Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life
Cardio-Pulmonary Department
Heart Research Institute

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