Cooperation and Trust Across Societies During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Romano A. Spadaro G. Balliet D. Joireman J. Lissa C.V. Jin S. Agostini M. Bélanger J.J. Gützkow B. Kreienkamp J. Leander N.P. Abakoumkin G. Khaiyom J.H.A. Ahmedi V. Akkas H. Almenara C.A. Atta M. Bagci S.C. Basel S. Kida E.B. Buttrick N.R. Chobthamkit P. Choi H.-S. Cristea M. Csaba S. Damnjanovic K. Danyliuk I. Dash A. Di Santo D. Douglas K.M. Enea V. Faller D.G. Fitzsimons G. Gheorghiu A. Gómez Á. Han Q. Helmy M. Hudiyana J. Jeronimus B.F. Jiang D.-Y. Jovanović V. Kamenov Ž. Kende A. Keng S.-L. Kieu T.T.T. Koc Y. Kovyazina K. Kozytska I. Krause J. Kruglanski A.W. Kurapov A. Kutlaca M. Lantos N.A. Lemay E.P., Jr. Lesmana C.B.J. Louis W.R. Lueders A. Malik N.I. Martinez A. McCabe K.O. Milla M.N. Mehulić J. Mohammed I. Molinario E. Moyano M. Muhammad H. Mula S. Muluk H. Myroniuk S. Najafi R. Nisa C.F. Nyúl B. O’keefe P.A. Osuna J.J.O. Osin E.N. Park J. Pica G. Pierro A. Rees J. Reitsema A.M. Resta E. Rullo M. Ryan M.K. Samekin A. Santtila P. Sasin E. Schumpe B.M. Selim H.A. Stanton M.V. Stroebe W. Sultana S. Sutton R.M. Tseliou E. Utsugi A. Breen J.A. Van Veen K. Vandellen M.R. Vázquez A. Wollast R. Yeung V.W.-L. Zand S. Žeželj I.L. Zheng B. Zick A. Zúñiga C.
August 2021 SAGE Publications Inc.

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
2021 #52 Issue 7 622 - 642 pp.

Cross-societal differences in cooperation and trust among strangers in the provision of public goods may be key to understanding how societies are managing the COVID-19 pandemic. We report a survey conducted across 41 societies between March and May 2020 (N = 34,526), and test pre-registered hypotheses about how cross-societal differences in cooperation and trust relate to prosocial COVID-19 responses (e.g., social distancing), stringency of policies, and support for behavioral regulations (e.g., mandatory quarantine). We further tested whether cross-societal variation in institutions and ecologies theorized to impact cooperation were associated with prosocial COVID-19 responses, including institutional quality, religiosity, and historical prevalence of pathogens. We found substantial variation across societies in prosocial COVID-19 responses, stringency of policies, and support for behavioral regulations. However, we found no consistent evidence to support the idea that cross-societal variation in cooperation and trust among strangers is associated with these outcomes related to the COVID-19 pandemic. These results were replicated with another independent cross-cultural COVID-19 dataset (N = 112,136), and in both snowball and representative samples. We discuss implications of our results, including challenging the assumption that managing the COVID-19 pandemic across societies is best modeled as a public goods dilemma.

cooperation , COVID-19 , culture , institutions , social dilemmas , trust

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Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
New York University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
University of Thessaly, Greece
International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia
Pristine University, United States
Ankara Science University, Turkey
Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Peru
University of Sargodha, Pakistan
Sabanci University, Turkey
University of Virginia, United States
Thammasat University, Thailand
Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
Heriot Watt University, United Kingdom
ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
University of Belgrade, Serbia
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Leuphana University of Luneburg, Germany
University “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
University of Kent, United Kingdom
Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
Duke University, United States
Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Romania
Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain
University of Bristol, United Kingdom
Menoufia University, Egypt
Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
National Chung-Cheng University, Taiwan
University of Novi Sad, Serbia
University of Zagreb, Croatia
Yale-NUS College, Singapore
HCMC University of Education, Viet Nam
Kazakhstan
University of Maryland, United States
Durham University, United Kingdom
Udayana University, Indonesia
University of Queensland, Australia
Université Clermont-Auvergne, France
University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
Vanderbilt University, United States
Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria
University of Cordoba, Spain
University of Peshawar, Pakistan
Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Iran
National Distance Education University (UNED), Spain
National Research University Higher School of Economics, Russian Federation
NUCB Business School, Japan
University of Camerino, Italy
University of Bielefeld, Germany
University of Siena, Italy
University of Exeter, United Kingdom
International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan
New York University Shanghai, China
King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
California State University, East Bay, United States
Nagoya University, Japan
University of Georgia, Georgia
Lingnan University, Hong Kong
Imperial College London, United Kingdom
Universidad de Chile, Chile

Leiden University
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Washington State University
Utrecht University
University of Groningen
New York University
University of Thessaly
International Islamic University Malaysia
Pristine University
Ankara Science University
Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas
University of Sargodha
Sabanci University
University of Virginia
Thammasat University
Sungkyunkwan University
Heriot Watt University
ELTE Eötvös Loránd University
University of Belgrade
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Leuphana University of Luneburg
University “La Sapienza”
University of Kent
Alexandru Ioan Cuza University
Duke University
Alexandru Ioan Cuza University
Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
University of Bristol
Menoufia University
Universitas Indonesia
National Chung-Cheng University
University of Novi Sad
University of Zagreb
Yale-NUS College
HCMC University of Education
Kazakhstan
University of Maryland
Durham University
Udayana University
University of Queensland
Université Clermont-Auvergne
University of Sheffield
Vanderbilt University
Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto
University of Cordoba
University of Peshawar
Islamic Azad University
National Distance Education University (UNED)
National Research University Higher School of Economics
NUCB Business School
University of Camerino
University of Bielefeld
University of Siena
University of Exeter
International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan
New York University Shanghai
King Saud University
California State University
Nagoya University
University of Georgia
Lingnan University
Imperial College London
Universidad de Chile

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