Ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Invasive Pennisetum purpureum Grass with Activated Carbon for Upgrading Bio-Oil
Reza M.S. Afroze S. Kuterbekov K. Kabyshev A. Zh. Bekmyrza K. Taweekun J. Ja’afar F. Saifullah Abu Bakar M. Azad A.K. Roy H. Islam M.S.
May 2023MDPI
Sustainability (Switzerland)
2023#15Issue 9
Energy demands keep increasing in this modern world as the world population increases, which leads to a reduction in fossil fuels. To resolve these challenges, Pennisetum purpureum, an invasive grass in Brunei Darussalam, was examined as the feedstock for renewable energy through a catalytic pyrolysis process. The activated carbon was applied as the catalyst for a simple and economical solution. The catalytic pyrolysis was executed at 500 °C (the temperature for the highest biofuel yield) for both reactors to produce the highest amount of upgraded biofuels. The biochar produced from the non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis processes showed a consistent yield due to stable operating conditions, from which the activated carbon was generated and used as the catalyst in this work. A significant amount of improvement was found in the production of biofuels, especially bio-oil. It was found that for catalysts, the number of phenolic, alcohol, furans, and ketones was increased by reducing the amount of acidic, aldehyde, miscellaneous oxygenated, and nitrogenous composites in bio-oils. The highest amount of phenolic compounds was produced due to a number of functional groups (-C=O and -OH) in activated carbon. The regenerated activated carbons also showed promising outcomes as catalysts for upgrading the bio-oils. The overall performance of synthesized and regenerated activated carbon as a catalyst in catalytic pyrolysis was highly promising for improving the quality and stability of bio-oil.
activated carbon , bio-oil , bioenergy , catalytic pyrolysis , invasive biomass , Pennisetum purpureum
Text of the article Перейти на текст статьи
Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan
Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, 90112, Thailand
Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
Faculty of Physics and Technical Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan
Chemical Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
Department of Textile Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh
Faculty of Natural Sciences
Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering
Faculty of Integrated Technologies
Faculty of Physics and Technical Sciences
Chemical Sciences Programme
Department of Chemical Engineering
Department of Textile Engineering
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026