Scalable interlinked hierarchical porous biochar-nanosheets for efficient removal of thallium from aquatic environment
Ren H. Amjad Z. Saleem A. Usman M. Dina K. Haris M. Guo J.
5 July 2025Elsevier B.V.
Journal of Hazardous Materials
2025#491
The scalable development of engineered[sbnd]carbonaceous materials for commercialization at industrial scale is a formidable issue. Herein, a scalable and innovative chemical exfoliation approach was introduced to develop interlinked[sbnd]hierarchical biochar[sbnd]nanosheets (BC[sbnd]Ns) framework form agricultural wastes. The developed BC[sbnd]Ns exhibited higher surface area (1048.63 m2 g−1) and rational pore structure with average pore size of 2.051 nm. The resulted BC[sbnd]Ns showed superior Tl(I) adsorption performance with a maximum adsorption capacity of 448.21 mg g−1. BC[sbnd]Ns maintained its removal potential > 80 % in presence of higher concentration (0.2 mmol L−1) of co[sbnd]existing ions (Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+) and organic acids (humic and fluvic acid). Importantly, the BC[sbnd]Ns manifested remarkable recyclability (81.3 %) after 18 adsorption[sbnd]desorption cycles. Furthermore, a fixed bed column trial exhibited that ∼929 bed volumes of the feedstock stream (1.0 mg L−1) could be efficiently treated, highlighting the potential of BC[sbnd]Ns to treat toxic metals polluted water matrices in continuous flow mode at pilot scale. Overall, the present work has significant potential to produce engineered carbon materials at higher scale, paving the way for commercialization of more cost[sbnd]effective products from biomass for various water treatment technology.
Adsorption mechanisms , Agricultural wastes , Exfoliation , Fixed-bed column , Thallium
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Xian Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-Electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, Technological Institute of Materials & Energy Science (TIMES), Xijing University, Xian, 710123, China
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xian, 710021, China
College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
Université de Rennes, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226, Rennes, F-35000, France
Faculty of Tourism and Languages, Yessenov University, Aktau, 130000, Kazakhstan
Xian Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-Electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device
School of Environmental Science and Engineering
College of Earth and Environmental Sciences
Université de Rennes
Faculty of Tourism and Languages
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