Enhancing low-temperature characteristics of graphite anode by comprehensive modification of electrolyte
Rakhatkyzy M. Belgibayeva A. Kalimuldina G. Nurpeissova A. Bakenov Z.
December 2023Elsevier Inc.
Electrochemistry Communications
2023#157
The performance of lithium-ion batteries is significantly deteriorated at low temperatures due to the components’ properties limitations such as the electrolyte viscosity increase and freezing accompanied with a decrease in ionic conductivity, rise of charge transfer resistance, and a substantial capacity loss (over 50 % of room-temperature capacity) in batteries with commercial electrolytes and graphite anodes, even at 0 °C. In this work, a complex modification of lithium salt and solvents of the electrolyte was applied simultaneously to develop an optimal electrolyte system with improved low-temperature characteristics for a Li/graphite half-cell. Various concentrations of commercial and alternative lithium salts (lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate), dissolved in a mixture of solvents, were studied as electrolytes to determine the best interaction with a graphite electrode at low temperature. A solvent mixture of non-carbonate, low-freezing-point, organic ester ethyl acetate and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) forming fluorinated co-solvent fluoroethylene carbonate in a ratio of 9:1 was used to prevent freezing of the electrolyte and ensure the formation of a more conductive SEI layer, respectively. The Li/graphite half-cell with the designed electrolyte system has retained about 80 % of its room-temperature capacity at −20 °C, demonstrating a new perspective for the development of low-temperature type electrolytes.
Electrolyte , Graphite , Lithium-ion battery , Low-temperature operation , Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI)
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Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Ave. 53, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Ave, 53, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Ave, 53, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
National Laboratory Astana
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
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