Industry 5.0, human–machine interface, and smart manufacturing in additive manufacturing—a recent trend

Rahman A. Ali M.H. Mahmood M.A. Liou F.
November 2025 Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH

International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
2025 #141 Issue 1-2 109 - 140 pp.

The emergence and importance of Industry 5.0 are transforming production by integrating smart technology with human creativity and intelligence, especially in advanced additive manufacturing. This critical review precisely analyzes the function of human–machine interfaces (HMIs) in enhancing additive processes, emphasizing their incorporation into smart manufacturing systems and hybrid manufacturing methods, including material extrusion (MEX), laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), and directed energy deposition (DED). It also evaluates artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and cybersecurity, which enhance HMIs in process monitoring, operation, and system adaptability. This study aims to provide a critical analysis and future research direction on how HMIs improve operator interaction, precision, and process adaptability. Some of the most important technical problems are investigated, such as intellectual design, system compatibility, and how to balance automation with human control. The paper examines the operational conflicts that arise in modern HMI systems, such as mismatches between machine autonomy and human input, and suggests unique improvements to more effectively integrate human expertise with machine accuracy. This study investigates the integration of HMIs in hybrid manufacturing within industrial sectors. The study aims at enhancing future research and development, encouraging the development of high-quality security, next-generation HMIs, understandable AI, and an environmentally friendly production system in the next-generation manufacturing environment, which aligns with Industry 5.0.

Additive manufacturing (AM) , Human–machine interface (HMI) , Hybrid manufacturing , Industry 5.0 , Smart manufacturing

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Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 W. 13th Street, Rolla, 65409, MO, United States
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, SEDS, Nazarbayev University, Qabanbay Batyr Ave 53, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Intelligent Systems Center, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, 65409, MO, United States

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Intelligent Systems Center

10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель

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