Characterizing the circularly oriented macular pigment using spatiotemporal sensitivity to structured light entoptic phenomena
Pushin D.A. Garrad D.V. Kapahi C. Silva A.E. Chahal P. Cory D.G. Kulmaganbetov M. Salehi I. Mungalsingh M.A. Singh T. Thompson B. Yu D. Sarenac D.
2025Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Inc.
Journal of Vision
2025#25Issue 6
To characterize the optical density of circularly oriented macular pigment (MP) in the human retina, as a quantification of macular health, Psychophysical discrimination tests were performed on human subjects using structured light-induced entoptic phenomena. Central exclusions were used to determine the visual extents of stimuli with varying spatiotemporal frequencies. A model was developed to describe the action of circularly oriented MP, and map stimuli to perceived sizes. The experimental results provided validation for the computational model, showing good agreement between measured data and predictions with a Pearson χ2 fit statistic of 0.06. This article contains a description of a new quantification of macular health and the necessary tools for clinical development. The integration of structured light into vision science has led to the development of more selective and versatile entoptic probes of eye health that provide interpretable thresholds of structured light perception. This work develops a model that maps perceptual thresholds of entoptic phenomena to the underlying MP structure that supports its perception.We selectively characterize the circularly oriented MP optical density, rather than the total MP optical density as typically measured. The presented techniques can be applied in novel early diagnostic tests for a variety of diseases related to macular degeneration such as age-related macular degeneration, macular telangiectasia, and pathological myopia. This work both provides insights into the microstructure of the human retina and uncovers a new quantification of macular health.
age-related macular degeneration , biomarkers , circularly oriented macular pigment optical density , macular degeneration , psychophysics
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Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada
Centre for Eye and Vision Research, 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong
Incoherent Vision Inc., Wellesly, ON, Canada
School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
Glaucoma Department, Kazakh Eye Research Institute, Almaty, Kazakhstan
David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
Institute for Quantum Computing
Department of Physics and Astronomy
Centre for Eye and Vision Research
Incoherent Vision Inc.
School of Optometry and Vision Science
Department of Physics
Department of Chemistry
Glaucoma Department
David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026