Healthcare professionals’ views on training, standards, and resources for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a cross-sectional survey
Permenov B.A. Zimba O. Yessirkepov M. Suigenbayev D. Kocyigit B.F.
December 2025Medicinska Naklada Zagreb
Croatian Medical Journal
2025#66Issue 6419 - 428 pp.
Aim To assess health care professionals’ knowledge and opinions regarding extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use, training, standards, and resource availability. Methods This cross-sectional study employed an online self-administered survey to evaluate health care professionals’ knowledge and opinions concerning ECMO procedures. The survey consisted of multiple-choice and open-ended questions inquiring about demographics, ECMO practices, training and certification experiences, ECMO use during the COVID-19 pandemic, and obstacles to ECMO implementation. Results The study enrolled 89 health care professionals from 12 countries. The respondents were most frequently from Kazakhstan (67.4%), Turkey (5.6%), Croatia (5.6%), and Ukraine (5.6%). Notably, 61.8% of respondents supported ECMO procedures performed by certified specialists. The respondents believed that the main ECMO indications were respiratory failure (83.1%), cardiopulmonary failure (69.6%), heart and lung transplantation (64.1%), and cardiogenic shock (58.4%). Major obstacles to ECMO implementation were reported to be high costs (53.9%), inadequately qualified staff (52.8% for physicians, 41.6% for nurses), and restricted availability of ECMO devices (42.7%). Conclusion The findings emphasize the need for standardized training, wider availability of ECMO standards, and efforts to address resource-related barriers to ECMO access. Our results primarily reflect practices in Kazakhstan and should be interpreted in light of the study’s restricted geographical coverage.
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Department of Cardiac Surgery Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Heart Center Shymkent, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Department of Social Health Insurance and Public Health, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Department of Internal Medicine, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, Kazakhstan
Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
Department of Internal Medicine N2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
Center for Life and Health Sciences, National Academy of Sciences Under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemical Disciplines, Biology and Biochemistry, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Heart Center Shymkent, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences, Adana City Research and Training Hospital, Adana, Turkey
Department of Cardiac Surgery Anesthesiology and Intensive Care
Department of Social Health Insurance and Public Health
Department of Internal Medicine
Department of Rheumatology
National Institute of Geriatrics
Department of Internal Medicine N2
Center for Life and Health Sciences
Department of Chemical Disciplines
Heart Center Shymkent
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
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