Revisiting the carbon mesopore contribution towards improved performance of ionic liquid–based EDLCs at sub-zero temperatures
Pavlenko V. Kalybekkyzy S. Knez D. Abbas Q. Mansurov Z. Bakenov Z. Ng A.
February 2022Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Ionics
2022#28Issue 2893 - 901 pp.
The important role of mesopores has been investigated in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) operating from 24 °C down to − 40 °C by using two in-house synthesized carbons with hierarchical porosity. These carbons were prepared from colloidal nanoparticles of SiO2 as the template and d-glucose as the carbon source. A decrease in the average diameter of the nanoparticles from 12 to 8 nm results in increased surface area and offers a perfect match between ions of binary mixture of imidazolium-based fluorinated ionic liquids and the pores of carbon. Short-range graphene layers produced with 8-nm silica nanoparticles lead to the creation of transport channels which better accommodate ions. We explain these findings per coulombic interactions among the ions and between the pore wall and the ionic species under confinement and electrochemical polarization conditions. Further, it is shown that a microporous carbon (another in-house produced rice-husk carbon SBET = 1800 m2∙g−1) performs better than hierarchical carbons at room temperature; however, thanks to the large fraction of mesopores, the latter exhibit far higher capacitance down to − 40 °C. While the ordering of ions in confinement is more critical at room temperature and dictated by the micropores, low temperature performance of supercapacitors is determined by the mesopores that provide channels for facile ion movement and keep the bulk ionic liquid–like properties. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
Coulombic ordering , Electric double-layer capacitor , Ionic liquid , Low temperature , Mesopore , SiO2-templated carbon
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Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71, al-Farabi ave, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Institute of Combustion Problems, 172, Bogenbay Batyr str, Almaty, 050009, Kazakhstan
Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy, Steyrergasse 17, Graz, 8010, Austria
Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, Graz, 8010, Austria
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
National Laboratory Astana
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Institute of Combustion Problems
Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy
Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials
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