Lung Cancer Screening with Low-dose Chest Computed Tomography: Experience from Radon-contaminated Regions in Kazakhstan
Panina A. Kaidarova D. Zholdybay Z. Ainakulova A. Amankulov J. Toleshbayev D. Zhakenova Z. Khozhayev A.
1 May 2022Korean Society for Preventive Medicine
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
2022#55Issue 3273 - 279 pp.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to present the baseline results of a pilot project conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of lung cancer screening using low-dose chest computed tomography (CT) in regions with excessive radon levels in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Methods: In total, 3671 participants were screened by low-dose chest CT. Current, former, and never-smokers who resided in regions with elevated levels of radon in drinking water sources and indoor air, aged between 40 and 75 with no history of any cancer, and weighing less than 140 kg were included in the study. All lung nodules were categorized according to the American College of Radiology Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS 1.0). Results: Overall, 614 (16.7%) participants had positive baseline CT findings (Lung-RADS categories 3 and 4). Seventy-four cancers were detected, yielding an overall cancer detection rate of 2.0%, with 10.8% (8/74) stage I and a predominance of stage III (59.4%; 44/74). Women never-smokers and men current smokers had the highest cancer detection rates, at 2.9% (12/412) and 6.1% (12/196), respectively. Compared to never-smokers, higher odds ratios (ORs) of lung cancer detection were found in smokers (OR,2.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.52 to 4.05, p<0.001) and former smokers (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.06 to 5.06, p=0.003). The most common histo-logic type of cancer was adenocarcinoma (58.1%). Conclusions: Implementation of low-dose CT screening for lung cancer in regions with elevated radon levels is an effective method for both smokers and never-smokers. Copyright
Kazakhstan , Lung neoplasms , Mass screening , Radon
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Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University
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