Perovskite PV-Based Power Management System for CMOS Image Sensor Applications
Onyejegbu E. Aidarkhanov D. Ng A. Marzuki A. Hashmi M. Ukaegbu I.A.
January 2026Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Energies
2026#19Issue 1
This article presents the design of a perovskite photovoltaic (PV)-based power management system, which uses a power converter (a four-stage bootstrap charge pump) to boost the output of the solar cell and supply selectable rectified power rails to CMOS image sensor circuit blocks. A perovskite photovoltaic, also known as a perovskite solar cell (PSC) was fabricated in the laboratory. The PSC has an open-circuit voltage of 1.14 V, short-circuit current of 1.24 mA, maximum power of 0.88 mW, and a current density of 20.68 mA/cm2 at 62% fill factor. These measured forward scan parameters were closely reproduced with a solar cell simulation model. In a Cadence simulation that used 180 nm CMOS process, the power converter efficiently boosts the maximum output voltage of the PSC from 0.85 V to a rectified 3.7 V. Stage modulation and level shifting enable selectable output rails in the 1.2–3.3 V range to supply the image sensor circuit blocks. Keeping the output capacitance of the power converter much larger than the flying capacitance reduces the ripple voltage to approximately 73 µV, much smaller than the typical 1 mV in several other literatures. Through simulation, this work demonstrates the concept of directly using PSC (to be implemented on an outer ‘packaging’, not on a die) to supply CMOS image sensor power rails, in the same sense as in wearable devices and other consumer devices. This work highlights a path toward self-powered image sensors with improved conversion efficiency, compactness, and adaptability in low-light and variable operating environments.
bootstrap charge pump , perovskite solar cell , power converter , power management system , solar cell models , stage modulation , switched capacitor
Text of the article Перейти на текст статьи
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Nazarbayev University Research Administration, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
School of Technology and Engineering Science, Wawasan Open University, George Town, 10050, Malaysia
Division of Engineering Technology, University of West Alabama, Livingston, 35470, AL, United States
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Nazarbayev University Research Administration
School of Technology and Engineering Science
Division of Engineering Technology
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026