NUMERICAL STUDY ON ENHANCING THERMAL REGULATION OF PV/T SOLAR SYSTEMS USING ECO-FRIENDLY NANOFLUID COOLING FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY APPLICATIONS

Obaid N.M. Jahanian O. Abdullah O.I.
2025 Scibulcom Ltd.

Journal of Environmental Protection and Ecology
2025 #26 Issue 7 2912 - 2926 pp.

This study presents a numerical investigation into the thermal performance of photovoltaic (PV) panels cooled using water-based nanofluids enhanced with Y₂ O₃ + CaCO₃ nanoparticles. The analysis evaluates the effects of varying fluid velocities (0.3362, 0.2017, 0.2689, and 0.1344 m/s), nanoparticle integration, and seasonal temperature variations on the cooling efficiency of PV systems. Results demonstrate that higher inlet velocities significantly improve cooling performance, achieving a maximum temperature reduction to approximately 41.2°C at 0.3362 m/s, while lower velocities, such as 0.1344 m/s, result in peak temperatures reaching 44.1°C. The integration of Y₂ O₃ +CaCO₃ nanoparticles enhanced the thermal conductivity of the cooling fluid, resulting in lower operating temperatures across all velocity conditions. Additionally, seasonal analysis revealed that peak temperatures are highest during summer months (June: 47.8°C, July: 48.3°C) due to increased solar irradiance, while spring and autumn months exhibit improved cooling performance (April: 42.5°C, October: 41.2°C). Temperature contour maps further emphasised the role of optimised velocity and nanofluid integration in minimising thermal hotspots and ensuring uniform heat distribution. Over-all, the study highlights the combined benefits of nanoparticle-enhanced cooling fluids by 2ºC and optimised fluid velocity for improving thermal management, reducing thermal stress, and enhancing the electrical efficiency of PV panels.

nanofluids , photovoltaic , temperatures , thermal conductivity , Y₂O₃ + CaCO₃

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Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
Energy Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq
Department of Mechanics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan

Babol Noshirvani University of Technology
Energy Engineering Department
Department of Mechanics

10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель

Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026