Investigating the impact of long term exposure to chemical agents on the chromosomal radiosensitivity using human lymphoblastoid GM1899A cells
Nuta O. Bouffler S. Lloyd D. Ainsbury E. Sepai O. Rothkamm K.
December 2021Nature Research
Scientific Reports
2021#11Issue 1
This study aimed to investigate the impact of chronic low-level exposure to chemical carcinogens with different modes of action on the cellular response to ionising radiation. Human lymphoblastoid GM1899A cells were cultured in the presence of 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide (4NQO), N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for up to 6 months at the highest non-(geno)toxic concentration identified in pilot experiments. Acute challenge doses of 1 Gy X-rays were given and chromosome damage (dicentrics, acentric fragments, micronuclei, chromatid gaps/breaks) was scored. Chronic exposure to 20 ng/ml 4NQO, 0.25 μg/ml MNU or 10 μM H2O2 hardly induced dicentrics and did not significantly alter the yield of X-ray-induced dicentrics. Significant levels of acentric fragments were induced by all chemicals, which did not change during long-term exposure. Fragment data in combined treatment samples compared to single treatments were consistent with an additive effect of chemical and radiation exposure. Low level exposure to 4NQO induced micronuclei, the yields of which did not change throughout the 6 month exposure period. As for fragments, micronuclei yields for combined treatments were consistent with an additive effect of chemical and radiation. These results suggest that cellular radiation responses are not affected by long-term low-level chemical exposure.
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Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, Oxon, United Kingdom
Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr 53, Nur-Sultan, 01000, Kazakhstan
Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
Centre for Radiation
Department of Biology
Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology
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