Activity and Stability of Modified Zeolite-containing Catalysts in the Hydrogen-free Processing of Hydrocarbon Feedstock

Nurzhanova S.B. Omarova A.A. Nauryzbaeva A.Z. Saidilda G.T. Nurlan A.
September 2025 Engineered Science Publisher

ES Materials and Manufacturing
2025 #29

The development of environmentally friendly motor fuels with superior performance remains a critical objective in modern oil refining. A promising strategy involves hydrogen-free catalytic upgrading of low-quality gasoline and diesel fractions into high-octane, clean-burning fuels. In this study, we examine the hydrogen-free transformation of n-alkanes, straight-run gasoline, and catalytic cracking gasoline using zeolite-based catalysts (ZSM-5, γ-Al₂O₃+ZSM-5, Y, MCM, and BETA) modified with active metal components. Catalytic performance was assessed in a laboratory-scale continuous-flow reactor under varied operating conditions. Comprehensive physicochemical characterization of the catalysts, employing BET surface area analysis, TPD-NH₃, SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD, enabled the identification of key structure–activity relationships. The results demonstrate that catalytic activity and selectivity are strongly influenced by the elemental and phase composition, acidity, metal dispersion, and the electronic state of the modifying additives. Among the tested systems, the Zn–La–Co-modified ZSM-HY/ Al₂O₃ catalyst exhibited the highest efficiency in n-alkane conversion and gasoline upgrading, offering a viable pathway for sustainable fuel production without hydrogen consumption.

Acidity , Catalyst stability , Fuel refining , Gasoline fractions , Hydrogen-free upgrading , N-alkanes , Zeolite catalysts , ZSM-5

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D.V. Sokolsky Institute of Fuel, Catalysis and Electrochemistry, 142 Konaev Street, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan

D.V. Sokolsky Institute of Fuel
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University

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