Machine Learning in Public Governance: A Systematic Review of Applications, Trends and Challenges
Nuruly Y. Sansyzbayeva G.N. Ashirbekova L.Z. Tazhiyeva S.K.
2025Institute of Economics Committee of Science MSHE RK
Economy: strategy and practice
2025#20Issue 285 - 103 pp.
Today, the active implementation of machine learning (hereinafter – ML) methods in public administration opens up new opportunities for forecasting, impact assessment and decision support, while simultaneous-ly generating various challenges. The present study is aimed at a systematic review of scientific publications devoted to applying ML methods in the field of public administration, with an emphasis on identifying thematic areas, ethical and institutional challenges. The initial data set included 524 publications obtained using targeted search queries in the Scopus and Web of Science databases for the period 2014-2024. Data filtering was performed using SQLite, thematic mapping was performed in the VOSviewer environment, and metadata was structured using the Elicit tool and subsequent manual encoding. The analysis results allowed us to identify four functional areas of ML application in public administration: transparency and ethics, resource allocation and service provision, institutional design, and technical integration. Despite significant progress in the models’ technical implementation and predictive accuracy, in many cases, mechanisms for equity, transparency, and citizen participation have been poorly implemented. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the interdisciplinary synthesis and development of a typology of institutional challenges that arise when implementing ML systems in public administration. The prospects for further research are related to the empirical validation of decisions, the development of ethical audit methods, and institutional training for responsible, sustainable, and contextually adaptive use of algorithmic tools in the public administration system.
Digital Economy , Machine Learning , Public Administration , Public Policy , Strategic Plan-ning , Technology Adoption
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Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave., Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Centre for Sustainable Development in Central Asia, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University in partnership with the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Centre for Sustainable Development in Central Asia
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