Micropropagation of the endangered species Malus niedzwetzkyana for conservation biodiversity in Kazakhstan

Nurtaza A. Magzumova G. Yessimseitova A. Karimova V. Shevtsov A. Silayev D. Lutsay V. Ramankulov Y. Kakimzhanova A.
December 2021 Springer

In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Plant
2021 #57 Issue 6 965 - 976 pp.

Biodiversity conservation requires advanced and effective ex situ plant propagation techniques. The present study was conducted to optimize the micropropagation of a rare and endangered species of Malus niedzwetzkyana. The objective was the ex situ conservation and reintroduction, via micropropagation, of this species. Further, we aimed to obtain healthy planting material on a large-scale for commercial implementation. To study shoot multiplication, we examined the effects of three cytokinins (6-benzylaminopurine, kinetin, and thidiazuron) supplemented to Quoirin–Lepoivre (QL) culture medium. To examine the rooting of the shoots, we tested the effects of the macronutrient concentration of the QL medium (at 1×, 0.5×, and 0.25× concentration), and of its sucrose content (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%). The optimized micropropagation technology provided a high propagation rate (28.77 new shoots per explant) on QL medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L⁻¹ 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.01 mg L⁻¹ indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). All shoots developed roots on 0.5× QL media with the addition of 10 mg L⁻¹ sucrose and 1.5 mg L⁻¹ IBA, producing a mean of 11.8 roots per explant. Using nine pairs of simple sequence repeat primers, no somaclonal variation was detected among the plantlets produced using the 13 treatments. Thus, the proposed technology makes it possible to preserve and reproduce the valuable genetic material of the M. niedzwetzkyana in the laboratory and natural conditions. This study demonstrates how biotechnology can be effectively used as an ex situ conservation strategy for this endangered species.

Biodiversity conservation , Cytokinin , Malus niedzwetzkyana , Micropropagation , Single sequence repeat (SSR) marker , Somaclonal variation

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National Center for Biotechnology, 13/5, Korgalzhyn Road, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, 2, Satpayev Street, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan

National Center for Biotechnology
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University

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