Energy Transfer of Electronic Excitations by Activators in Phosphates and Sulfates via the Creation of Combined Electron Emission States
Nurpeissov A.S. Alibay T.T. Nurakhmetov T. Kareiva A. Zarkov A. Pazylbek S.
January 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Crystals
2025#15Issue 1
In this work, the mechanisms for creating a combined electronic–radiative local state beneath the conduction band, consisting of intrinsic and activator electron–hole states, are experimentally substantiated. In the first part of this work, the mechanisms of the formation of intrinsic and activator electron–hole trapping centers are experimentally demonstrated in all four matrices with activators. Intrinsic electronic states are localized on activators and anions of the matrix, forming intrinsic and activator electronic states. The hole component of the electron–hole pairs is localized near the activators. Thus, the energy of intrinsic electronic excitations localized in the matrix in the form of combined electronic–radiative states is observed at 3.06–3.1 eV and 2.92–2.95 eV. Radiative states are excited by photon energies of ~4.5 eV and ~4.0 eV, resulting in recombination emissions at 3.06–3.1 eV and 2.92–2.95 eV, as well as activator emissions at 2.06 eV for (Formula presented.), 2.5 eV for (Formula presented.), and 2.56 eV and 2.16 eV for (Formula presented.). Energy transfer from the matrix to emitters or activators occurs during the decay of the combined radiative state. Upon heating, electrons localized on anions and activators delocalize at temperatures of 200–350 K. The energy released during the recombination of an electron with a hole near the activators is transferred to the activators. This process facilitates energy transfer to activators in dosimeters and detectors.
electron–hole , emission and excitation spectra , phosphates , recombination emissions trapping centers , vacuum ultraviolet
Text of the article Перейти на текст статьи
Department of Technical Physics, L.N. Gumilyov, Eurasian National University, 2 Satpaeva St, Nur-Sultan ZO1A3D7, Kazakhstan
Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, Vilnius, LT-03225, Lithuania
Department of Technical Physics
Institute of Chemistry
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026