ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF THE BREEDING ASPECTS IN DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACULTATIVE WHEAT
Nurpeissov I.A. Kushanova R.
April 2025Society for the Advancement of Breeding Researches in Asia and Oceania
Sabrao Journal of Breeding and Genetics
2025#57Issue 2414 - 422 pp.
With climate change and global warming, a specific place is necessary for the selection of facultative soft wheat, as this crop has increased plasticity and adaptability to environmental conditions compared with the winter and spring wheat. In facultative wheat breeding, the use of classical methods can be via standard selection and sowing of hybrid populations alternately in autumn and spring. Facultative hybrid populations comprised facultative x facultative genotypes, winter x spring cultivars, and spring x winter cultivars. The duration of germination-earing can serve as an additional indicator for selection and types of crossing: facultative x winter cultivars and spring x winter cultivars were the decision in breeding for better productivity. In seed production and to preserve the economically valuable properties of a facultative cultivar, it is necessary to use the halves method. Facultative wheat is superior to winter sowing and has low sensitivity to vernalization but highly sensitive to photoperiod. However, few past studies carried out on facultative wheat breeding used modern biological methods and techniques. The production of facultative wheat is mainly a task carried out by the Krasnodar Territory (Russia) and the Republic of Kazakhstan. In 2023, in the south and southeast of the Republic, the area sown with facultative wheat of the Kazakhstanskaya 10 variety amounted to 28,953.8 hectares.
Facultative soft wheat , molecular markers , photoperiodism , production , selection
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Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Growing and Agriculture, Almalybak, Kazakhstan
Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Growing and Agriculture
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