Optimizing Combustion Characteristics of Ammonium Perchlorate Composites with Nickel-Enhanced Carboxymethyl Cellulose

Nurguzhin M. Janikeyev M. Omarbayev M. Yermakhanova A. Meiirbekov M. Zhumakhanov M. Lesbayev A. Yerezhep D. Atamanov M. Tulepov M. Beksultan Z.
April 2025 Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)

Aerospace
2025 #12 Issue 4

This study investigates the impact of nickel doping on the thermal and combustion properties of ammonium perchlorate/carboxymethyl cellulose (AP/CMC) composites. Through comprehensive SEM-EDS, FTIR, XRD, DSC, TGA, and burning rate analyses, significant improvements in the structural and functional characteristics of the AP/CMC-Ni composite were observed compared to those of pure AP and AP/CMC composites. The SEM-EDS analysis revealed that nickel incorporation resulted in thicker and more irregular CMC fibers, indicating substantial morphological changes. The FTIR spectroscopy showed shifts in the O-H and C=O stretching bands, pointing to interactions between nickel ions and CMC functional groups. The XRD patterns highlighted a decrease in crystallinity and the presence of NiO phases, confirming the successful integration of nickel into the CMC matrix. The thermal analysis demonstrated that nickel doping significantly lowered the decomposition temperature of the AP/CMC composite, as evidenced by DSC, and enhances the thermal degradation process, as shown by TGA. The AP/CMC-Ni composite exhibited a higher burning rate across all of the tested pressures, highlighting the catalytic effect of nickel in improving the combustion efficiency. The burning rate for AP/CMC follows the power-law expression with constants a = 2.34 and n = 0.499, while for AP/CMC-Ni, the constants are a = 3.35 and n = 0.475. This study highlights the essential role of nickel doping in facilitating the decomposition of AP within the AP/CMC composite. By lowering the decomposition temperature, nickel enhances the overall combustion process, making the AP/CMC-Ni composite more efficient for applications requiring controlled thermal decomposition. These findings provide valuable insights for the design and development of high-performance composite materials in advanced industrial applications.

ammonium perchlorate , carboxymethyl cellulose , combustion efficiency , nickel doping , thermal decomposition

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JSC “National Center for Space Research and Technology”, Shevchenko Str., 15, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Intistute of Energy and Mechanical Engineering Named after A. Burkitbayev, Satbayev University, 22a Satpaev Str., Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University, Gogol Str., 114 k1, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave., Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan

JSC “National Center for Space Research and Technology”
Intistute of Energy and Mechanical Engineering Named after A. Burkitbayev
Faculty of Natural Sciences
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology

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