Identifying risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia in infants conceived through assisted reproductive technology: A retrospective cohort study

Nurgaliyeva Z. Ilmuratova S. Lokshin V. Manzhuova L. Seisebayeva R.
24 April 2025 Mattioli 1885

Acta Biomedica
2025 #96 Issue 2

Background and aim: 12 million infants are born worldwide after assisted reproductive technologies (ART), yet their health remains under-researched. Evidence indicates that neonatal hypoglycemia (NG) is more prevalent in ART-conceived infants. This study aims to identify risk factors for NG and explore prediction possibilities in this population, focusing specifically on ART-conceived infants without direct comparison to naturally conceived infants. Research design and Methods: Our retrospective cohort study involved 120 infants born after ART. The participants met specific criteria, including being born from a successful ART program resulting in single or multiple pregnancies. Those born using donor oocytes/sperm, intrauterine insemination, or surrogacy were not included. Data for the anamnesis were gathered and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26. Results: ART-conceived infants were at greater risk of being born with NG in cases of multiple pregnancies (OR=14.2; 95% CI: 1.71-117.67), isthmic-cervical insufficiency (OR=10.29; 95% CI: 1.47-71.98), premature birth (OR=13.39; 95% CI: 2.61-68.84), and uterine infertility (OR=10.29; 95% CI: 1.47-71.98). ART-conceived infants had a higher incidence of NG when they were late preterm (OR=16.95; 95% CI: 3.26-88), with fetal growth restriction (OR=13.38; 95% CI: 2.42-73.8), infantile asphyxia (OR=45; 95% CI: 7.86-257.64), congenital pneumonia (OR=16.96; 95% CI: 3.45-83.3), congenital infection (OR=18; 95% CI: 2.98-108.8), respiratory distress syndrome (OR=16.09; 95% CI: 3.6-72.03), and low or very low birth weight. A regression model that exhibited statistical significance encompassed late prematurity, neonatal asphyxia, congenital infection, and maternal hormone intake before pregnancy. Conclusions: Our study on ART-conceived infants identified key risk factors for NG. The prognostic model we developed supports early intervention and preventive measures, enhancing care for these infants. Future studies should include a control group of naturally conceived infants to compare the risk of NG between ART-conceived and naturally conceived populations. (www.actabiomedica.it).

assisted reproductive techniques , hypoglycemia diagnosis , infant , neonatal hypoglycemia , newborn , prediction model , pregnancy assisted , reproductive technology , risk factors

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Department of Outpatient Pediatrics, School of Pediatrics, Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D.Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan Medical University “KSPH”, Almaty, Kazakhstan
International Clinical Centre of Reproduction “PERSONA”, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Department of Outpatient Pediatrics
Kazakhstan Medical University “KSPH”
International Clinical Centre of Reproduction “PERSONA”
Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery

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