A Multicentric Study on Adverse COVID-19 Outcomes Among Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women in Multidisciplinary Hospitals of Kazakhstan
Nurgaliyeva Z. Pivina L. Moiynbayeva S. Alibayeva G. Suleimenova M. Kozhekenova N. Abdullina M. Malgazhdarov M. Turbekova M. Nikolic D. Lackovic M. Sarria-Santamera A. Santric-Milicevic M.
April 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Diagnostics
2025#15Issue 7
Background and Objectives: The study aimed at identification and analysis of adverse COVID-19 outcomes (admission to intensive care units due to COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome, mechanical ventilation, and death) among hospitalized pregnant and nonpregnant women, which are critical for informed decision-making in obstetric diagnostics and healthcare. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted on a series of inpatient pregnant women comparatively followed up with nonpregnant women hospitalized between 15 July 2020 to 20 January 2022 across multidisciplinary hospitals in three cities of Kazakhstan. Following group matching with propensity score for COVID-19 disease severity, residence status, and age, the study ultimately included 156 participants, of whom 50% were pregnant, from an initial sample of 314 female inpatients diagnosed with COVID-19. All findings were considered statistically significant at a p-value < 0.05. Results: Laboratory investigations revealed significantly elevated levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, creatinine, neutrophils, platelet count, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lymphocyte count, and C-reactive protein in pregnant inpatients compared to nonpregnant inpatients. Furthermore, pregnant women exhibited significantly higher levels of D-dimer (2402.97 ng/mL vs. 793.91 ng/mL) and procalcitonin (0.398 ng/mL vs. 0.134 ng/mL) compared to their nonpregnant counterparts. Overall, 16.88% of the pregnant women were admitted to the intensive care unit, whereas among the nonpregnant women, only 2.6% were hospitalized. The most lethal outcomes (8.3%) occurred among pregnant women, while for nonpregnant women, there were two cases (1.3%). Conclusions: Pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 may exhibit more severe clinical symptoms and encounter more adverse outcomes compared to their nonpregnant counterparts. Future research should incorporate larger matched samples to comprehensively explore the association between additional factors and clinical conditions.
adverse outcomes , COVID-19 , inpatient care , pregnancy , propensity score matching , severity
Text of the article Перейти на текст статьи
Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050044, Kazakhstan
Department of Internal Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, 071407, Kazakhstan
Department of Science and Consulting, Kazakhstan Medical University «KSPH», Almaty, 050044, Kazakhstan
Semey Emergency Hospital, Semey, 071407, Kazakhstan
Department of Science, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, 050044, Kazakhstan
Department of Surgical Diseases No. 2, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty, 050044, Kazakhstan
Karasai Interdistrict Multidisciplinary Hospital, Almaty, 050044, Kazakhstan
Department of Clinical Disciplines, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050044, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Children’s Hospital, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
University Hospital “Dragisa Misovic”, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
School of Public Health, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Laboratory for Strengthening the Health System and Workforce for Health Equity, Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
Faculty of Medicine and Health Care
Department of Internal Medicine
Department of Science and Consulting
Semey Emergency Hospital
Department of Science
Department of Surgical Diseases No. 2
Karasai Interdistrict Multidisciplinary Hospital
Department of Clinical Disciplines
Faculty of Medicine
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
University Hospital “Dragisa Misovic”
School of Medicine
School of Public Health
Laboratory for Strengthening the Health System and Workforce for Health Equity
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026