LEGAL ASPECTS OF SAFETY IN MEDICAL PROCEDURES: INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND PRACTICES
Niyazbekova L. Cattolico A. Geneva-Popova M. Popova-Belova S. Jurka R.
October 2025University of Maribor Press
Medicine, Law and Society
2025#18Issue 2261 - 288 pp.
This paper examines the legal regulation of medical procedure safety and proposes avenues for legislative enhancement informed by international norms. A comparative legal analysis was performed utilising the cases of Bulgaria, Italy, and Kazakhstan. The study utilised a systematic methodology to evaluate legal efficacy and predictive techniques to delineate potential advancements. The findings reveal that all three countries acknowledge the right to healthcare at the constitutional level, but implementation strategies vary. Bulgaria and Italy utilise insurance-based healthcare systems that incorporate private sector involvement. Bulgaria faces challenges in harmonising its law enforcement with European norms, whilst Italys decentralised Servizio Sanitario Nazionale results in regional disparities. Kazakhstan upholds a state-centric regulatory framework but lacks comprehensive legal safeguards for patients and medical practitioners, especially concerning liability insurance. No country possesses a comprehensive legal framework for digital medicine. Key proposals include improving insurance protections, harmonising national laws with international norms, and regulating emerging medical technologies.
civil liability , healthcare , licensing , regulatory framework , state regulation
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Kazakh State Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov, Department of Pathological Physiology named after Professor A.N. Nurmukhambetov, Almaty, Kazakhstan
University Hospital “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Department of Orthopaedics and Spine Surgery, Naples, Italy
Medical University of Plovdiv, Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Utenos Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Faculty of Business and Technologies, Utena, Lithuania
Kazakh State Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov
University Hospital “Luigi Vanvitelli”
Medical University of Plovdiv
Utenos Kolegija Higher Education Institution
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