Accretion disk luminosity and topological characteristics for a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a Hernquist dark matter halo
Nieto L.M. Hosseinifar F. Boshkayev K. Zare S. Hassanabadi H.
December 2025Elsevier B.V.
Physics of the Dark Universe
2025#50
In this work, we analyze some characteristics and gravitational signatures of the Schwarzschild black hole immersed in a Hernquist dark matter halo. We determine the black hole’s remnant radius and mass, which provide useful residual information at the end of its evaporation, and we then explore the luminosity of the accretion disk for the model under study. In this way, we determine the key orbital parameters of the test particles within the accretion disk, such as angular velocity, angular momentum, energy, and the radius of the innermost stable circular orbit, based on the dark matter model parameters. We also numerically estimate the accretion disk’s efficiency in converting matter into radiation. We also demonstrate that dark matter, which significantly alters the geometry surrounding a Schwarzschild black hole, influences the accretion disk’s radiative flux, temperature, differential luminosity, and spectral luminosity. The stability of a black hole spacetime is determined in the eikonal regime. The Lyapunov exponent is also analyzed to quantify the stability of the particle regime and to demonstrate the infall into or escape from the black hole to infinity, as well as the quasi-normal modes. Finally, some properties of black holes are studied from a topological perspective.
Accretion disk , Black hole , Dark matter , Luminosity , Topological characteristics
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Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Optica and Laboratory for Disruptive, Interdisciplinary Science (LaDIS), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, 47011, Spain
Center for Theoretical Physics, Khazar University, 41 Mehseti Street, Baku, AZ-1096, Azerbaijan
National Nanotechnology Laboratory of Open Type, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi ave. 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, Hradec Králové, 500 03, Czech Republic
Departamento de Física Teórica
Center for Theoretical Physics
National Nanotechnology Laboratory of Open Type
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Helsinki Institute of Physics
Department of Physics
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