Stigma towards health care providers taking care of COVID-19 patients: A multi-country study
Nashwan A.J. Valdez G.F.D. AL-Fayyadh S. Al-Najjar H. Elamir H. Barakat M. Almazan J.U. Jahlan I.O. Alabdulaziz H. Omar N.E. Alawneh F. Andika Priastana I.K. Alhanafi A. Abu-Hussein B. Al-Shammari M. Shaban M.M. Shaban M. AL-Hadrawi H. Al-Jubouri M.B. Jaafar S.A. Hussein S.M. Nashwan A.J. Alharahsheh M.A. Kader N. Alabdulla M. Nazarene A. Yassin M.A. Villar R.C.
April 2022Elsevier Ltd
Heliyon
2022#8Issue 4
Background: Health care providers (HCPs) have always been a common target of stigmatization during widespread infections and COVID-19 is not an exception. Aim: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of stigmatization during the COVID-19 pandemic among HCPs in seven different countries using the Stigma COVID-19 Healthcare Providers tool (S19-HCPs). Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: The S19-HCPs is a self-administered online survey (16-item) developed and validated by the research team. The participants were invited to complete an online survey. Data collection started from June–July 2020 using a convenience sample of HCPs from Iraq, Jordan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Philippines, and Kuwait. Results: A total number of 1726 participants were included in the final analysis. The majority of the study participants were Jordanians (22%), followed by Kuwaitis (19%), Filipinos (18%) and the lowest participants were Indonesians (6%). Other nationalities were Iraqis, Saudis, and Egyptians with 15%, 11% and 9% respectively. Among the respondents, 57% have worked either in a COVID-19 designated facility or in a quarantine center and 78% claimed that they had received training for COVID-19. Statistical significance between COVID-19 stigma and demographic variables were found in all aspect of the S19-HCPs. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated high levels of stigmatization against HCPs in all the included seven countries. On the other hand, they are still perceived positively by their communities and in their utmost, highly motivated to care for COVID-19 patients. Educational and awareness programs could have a crucial role in the solution of stigmatization problems over the world.
COVID-19 , Healthcare providers , Mental health , S19-HCPs , Stigma
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Department of Nursing Education & Practice Development, Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital (HMGH), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary in Qatar (UCQ), Doha, Qatar
Faculty of Nursing, Oman College of Health Sciences, Dhofar Branch, Oman
Maternal and Child Health Nursing Care Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Maternity and Children Department, Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
Department of Surgery, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
Universitas Triatma Mulya, Indonesia
Islamic Hospital, Amman, Jordan
Al Essra Hospital, Amman, Jordan
Quality and Accreditation Directorate, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
Ibn Sina Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
Community Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Geriatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Adult Nursing Department, College of Nursing, The University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
College of Nursing, The University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
Adult Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Al-Muthanna, Iraq
Department of Sociology and Social Work, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
Mental Health Services (MHS), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
Department of Nursing, Mental Health Services (MHS), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nursultan, Kazakhstan
Department of Medical Oncology, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
Department of Nursing Education & Practice Development
Faculty of Nursing
Faculty of Nursing
Maternal and Child Health Nursing Care Department
Maternity and Children Department
Pharmacy Department
Department of Surgery
Universitas Triatma Mulya
Islamic Hospital
Al Essra Hospital
Quality and Accreditation Directorate
Ibn Sina Hospital
Community Health Nursing Department
Geriatric Nursing Department
Adult Nursing Department
College of Nursing
Adult Nursing Department
Department of Sociology and Social Work
Mental Health Services (MHS)
College of Medicine
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics
Department of Nursing
Department of Medicine
Department of Medical Oncology
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