Impact of Oil on the Bacterial Community of the Sierozems of the ‘Daulet Asia’ Landfill in Southern Kazakhstan
Narmanova R. Delegan Y. Kocharovskaya Y. Bogun A. Puntus I. Akhmetov L. Vetrova A. Baraboshkina A. Chayka N. Kuzhamberdieva S. Suleimenov N. Kanzhar S. Niyazova D. Yespanova I. Alimkhan B. Tolegenkyzy M. Darmagambet K. Arynova K. Appazov N. Filonov A.
November 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Processes
2025#13Issue 11
In the Republic of Kazakhstan (one of the top 10 oil-producing countries in the world), the remediation of oil pollution found in unproductive soils under the conditions of a sharply continental arid climate is a highly relevant problem. The aims of this work are to study the biodegradation capacity of the gray soil of the ‘Daulet Asia’ landfill, assess the degradative potential of indigenous oil-degrading strains and changes in the composition of the soil microbial community. Analytical chemistry methods, distillation and chromatographic mass spectrometry were used for oil analysis; gravimetry and IR spectroscopy were used to evaluate oil degradation. Standard microbiological techniques were employed to isolate and cultivate microorganisms and metagenomic sequencing was carried out using Oxford Nanopore technology. Raw data processing and subsequent analysis were performed using modern software packages. Three isolated strains of interest were identified based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragment sequences. The studied soil has low biodegradation capacity (oil loss was 6.2% on day 60), possibly due to the low abundance and weak activity of indigenous hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms. The taxonomic composition of the microbiome in the studied soil suggests some potential for oil degradation. Assessment of the effectiveness of oil degradation by the indigenous microbiome indicates that this potential can be realized only marginally in situ. Isolated oil-degrading strains were identified as belonging to the Rhodococcus and Kocuria genera. Effective oil removal from the studied soil requires the introduction of active microorganisms (e.g., as part of biopreparations). Considering the characteristics of the hot arid climate, for bioremediation of contaminated sierozems of Southern Kazakhstan, it is advisable to use halotolerant oil-degrading microorganisms with a wide temperature range that are capable of degrading hydrocarbons under moisture deficiency.
crude oil landfill , desert sierozems , microbial communities , South Kazakhstan
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Laboratory of Engineering Profile “Physical and Chemical Methods of Analysis”, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, 29 Aiteke Bi Str., Kyzylorda, 120014, Kazakhstan
G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 5Moscow, Pushchino, 142290, Russian Federation
Academy of Biology and Medicine on Behalf of D.I. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal University, 105/42 Bolshaya Sadovaya, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation
Pushchino Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Biotechnology University (ROSBIOTECH)”, Prospekt Nauki 3, Moscow, Pushchino, 142290, Russian Federation
Laboratory of Engineering Profile “Physical and Chemical Methods of Analysis”
G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms
Academy of Biology and Medicine on Behalf of D.I. Ivanovsky
Pushchino Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Biotechnology University (ROSBIOTECH)”
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