Ultrasound-based evaluation of the prevalence of abdominal cystic echinococcosis in the Turkestan region of Kazakhstan
Mustapayeva A. Luca DAlessandro G. Doszhanova G. Colpani A. Sadybekov N. Baimakhanov Z. Assanov E. Salybekov S. Kaniyev S. Serikuly E. Tagabayeva L. Budke C.M. Vola A. Mariconti M. De Silvestri A. Yalisheva S. Sadykova A. Zholdybay Z. Katarbayev A. Zhakenova Z. Brunetti E. Juszkiewicz K. Duisenova A. Manciulli T.
1 March 2022Oxford University Press
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
2022#116Issue 3222 - 226 pp.
Background: Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. CE is known to be endemic in some parts of Central Asia. We present findings from an ultrasound-based survey to estimate the prevalence of CE in the Turkestan oblast of Kazakhstan. Methods: In October 2019, six villages were chosen based on records from a national surveillance dataset. Inhabitants aged 5-90 y were invited to undergo a free abdominal ultrasound to screen for CE cysts. All identified cysts were staged according to the WHO-endorsed classification for CE cysts. Results: A total of 2252 individuals underwent ultrasound screening. Twenty-two (0.98%) individuals had CE, with a combined total of 33 cysts: 25 (75.7%) inactive (14 CE4, 11 CE5) and 8 (24.3%) active/transitional (2 CE1, 1 CE2, 3 CE3a, 2 CE3b). One patient had a postsurgical cavity. Sixty-eight patients (3.0%) reported CE prior to surgical treatment. In 25 (36.8%) previously diagnosed patients, albendazole prophylaxis was not used. Conclusions: CE is endemic in the study region, with ongoing transmission. The number of surgically treated CE patients suggests an underestimation of the disease burden by the current surveillance system. Further studies on local CE epidemiology and the implementation of expert treatment recommendations are needed.
Central Asia , Cystic echinococcosis , Echinococcus granulosus , Ultrasound
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Asfendyiarov National Kazakh Medical University, 94 Tole Bi Street, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
Department of Clinical Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Brambilla 54, Pavia, 27100, Italy
Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiolology, 91 Abai ave. Almaty, 050022, Kazakhstan
Syzganov National Institute of Surgery, 62 Zheltoksan str., Almaty, 050004, Kazakhstan
Texas AandM University, College Station, TX, United States
Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Irccs San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
Unit of Biostatistics, Irccs San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Piazzale Gogli 2, Pavia, 27100, Italy
Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave., Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Irccs San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Piazzale Gogli 2, Pavia, 27100, Italy
Kit Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Asfendyiarov National Kazakh Medical University
Department of Clinical Surgical
Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiolology
Syzganov National Institute of Surgery
Texas AandM University
Unit of Microbiology and Virology
Unit of Biostatistics
Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology
Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases
Kit Royal Tropical Institute
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