Engineered antigen-specific regulatory T cells for autoimmune skin conditions
Mukhatayev Z. Ostapchuk Y.O. Fang D. Le Poole I.C.
March 2021Elsevier B.V.
Autoimmunity Reviews
2021#20Issue 3
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subset of T cells responsible for the regulation of immune responses, thereby maintaining immune homeostasis and providing immune tolerance to both self and non-self-antigens. An increasing number of studies revealed Treg numbers and functions in a variety of autoimmune diseases. Treg deficiency can cause the development of several autoimmune skin diseases including vitiligo, alopecia areata, pemphigoid and pemphigus, psoriasis, and systemic sclerosis. Many clinical trials have been performed for autoimmune conditions using polyclonal Tregs, but efficiency can be significantly improved using antigen-specific Tregs engineered using T cell receptor (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) constructs. In this review, we systematically reviewed altered frequencies, impaired functions, and phenotypic features of Tregs in autoimmune skin conditions. We also summarized new advances in TCR and CAR based antigen-specific Tregs tested both in animal models and in clinics. The advantages and limitations of each approach were carefully discussed emphasizing possible clinical relevance to patients with autoimmune skin diseases. Moreover, we have reviewed potential approaches for engineering antigen-specific Tregs, and strategies for overcoming possible hurdles in clinical applications. Thereby, antigen-specific Tregs can be infused using autologous adoptive cell transfer to restore Treg numbers and to provide local immune tolerance for autoimmune skin disorders.
Antigen-specific , Autoimmune skin diseases , Chimeric antigen receptor , Regulatory T cells , T cell receptor
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Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
M.A. Aitkhozhins Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
Department of Dermatology
Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
Department of Biology and Biotechnology
M.A. Aitkhozhins Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
Department of Pathology
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