Multicompartmental analysis of microbiome alterations under radiation stress

Mukhanbetzhanov N. Zhetkenev S. Vinogradova E. Sergazy S. Jarmukhanov Z. Issilbayeva A. Kossumov A. Kassenova A. Mukhametuly B. Kenessarin M. Zhumadilov K. Stepanenko V. Bogacheva V. Petukhov A. Sato H. Endo S. Fujimoto N. Hoshi M.
December 2026 Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH

AMB Express
2026 #16 Issue 1

Radioactive compounds, including silicon dioxide (³¹SiO₂), may enter the environment and affect biological systems, yet their impact on the gut microbiota remains poorly studied. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of radioactive ³¹SiO₂, compared to non-radioactive SiO₂ and gamma irradiation, on the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota in laboratory Wistar rats (n = 28). Gut microbiota analysis of the large intestine, small intestine, and Peyer’s patches was conducted at 90 min and 72 h post-exposure using 16S rRNA sequencing. Alpha-diversity results showed increased species richness in Peyer’s patches at 90 min after exposure to radioactive ³¹SiO₂, with elevated Bacilli and Gammaproteobacteria, a trend persisting at 72 h. In the small intestine, radioactive ³¹SiO₂ increased Bacilli and Clostridia at 3 days, while Gammaproteobacteria considerably decreased; by 72 h, Bacilli and Clostridia maintained growth, with Gammaproteobacteria recovering. These findings demonstrate that radioactive ³¹SiO₂ dynamically alters gut microbiota composition and diversity, highlighting its unique influence on microbial communities.

Exposure , Gut microbiota , Irradiation , Nanoparticles , Radioactive , Silicon dioxide

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National Laboratory Astana, Center for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Z05H0P9, Kazakhstan
Institute of Nuclear Physics of ME RK, Almaty, 050032, Kazakhstan
A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center - Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 4 Koroleva St., Kaluga Region, Obninsk, 249036, Russian Federation
Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 4669-2 Ami, Ami-machi, Ibaraki, Inashiki-gun, 300-0394, Japan
Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
The Center for Peace, Hiroshima University, Higashisenda-machi 1-1-89, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-0053, Japan
International Department of Nuclear Physics, New Materials and Technology, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, 13 Munaitpasova St., Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan
Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan

National Laboratory Astana
Institute of Nuclear Physics of ME RK
A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center - Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences
Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine
The Center for Peace
International Department of Nuclear Physics
Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering

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