Hydrophobic Fly Ash-Based Mineral Powder for Sustainable Asphalt Mixtures
Mukhambetkaliyev K.K. Chugulyov B.D. Kabdrashit J.K. Shakhmov Z.A. Utepov Y.B.
December 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Journal of Composites Science
2025#9Issue 12
This study develops and assesses a hydrophobized fly ash mineral powder as a filler for dense fine-graded asphalt mixtures in Kazakhstan. Fly ash from a local TPP was dry co-milled with a stearate-based modifier to yield a free-flowing, hydrophobic powder that meets the national limits for moisture, porosity, and gradation. SEM shows cenospheres and broken shells partially armored by adherent fines, suggesting an increased micro-roughness and potential sites for binder–filler bonding. Three mixes were produced: a carbonate reference and two fly ash variants, all designed at the same optimum binder content. Compared with the reference, fly ash fillers delivered a markedly higher compressive strength (up to about five times at 20 °C), improved adhesion, and high internal friction, while the mixture density rutting resistance was essentially unchanged. Water resistance indices remained high and stable despite only modest changes in water saturation, and crack resistance improved, especially for the dry ash mixture. The convergence of microstructural, physicochemical, and mechanical results shows that surface-engineered fly ash from a Kazakhstani TPP can technically replace natural carbonate filler while enhancing durability-critical performance and supporting the more resource-efficient use of industrial by-products in pavements.
asphalt mixtures , binder-filler adhesion , fly ash , hydrophobicity , hydrophobized mineral powder
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Department of Science, JSC “Kazakhstan Road Research Institute”, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Civil Engineering, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Science
Department of Civil Engineering
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