Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Momtazmanesh S. Moghaddam S.S. Ghamari S.-H. Rad E.M. Rezaei N. Shobeiri P. Aali A. Abbasi-Kangevari M. Abbasi-Kangevari Z. Abdelmasseh M. Abdoun M. Abdulah D.M. Md Abdullah A.Y. Abedi A. Abolhassani H. Abrehdari-Tafreshi Z. Achappa B. Adane D.E.A. Adane T.D. Addo I.Y. Adnan M. Adnani Q.E.S. Ahmad S. Ahmadi A. Ahmadi K. Ahmed A. Ahmed A. Rashid T.A. Al Hamad H. Alahdab F. Alemayehu A. Alif S.M. Aljunid S.M. Almustanyir S. Altirkawi K.A. Alvis-Guzman N. Dehkordi J.A. Amir-Behghadami M. Ancuceanu R. Andrei C.L. Andrei T. Antony C.M. Anyasodor A.E. Arabloo J. Arulappan J. Ashraf T. Athari S.S. Attia E.F. Ayele M.T. Azadnajafabad S. Babu A.S. Bagherieh S. Baltatu O.C. Banach M. Bardhan M. Barone-Adesi F. Barrow A. Basu S. Bayileyegn N.S. Bensenor I.M. Bhardwaj N. Bhardwaj P. Bhat A.N. Bhattacharyya K. Bouaoud S. Braithwaite D. Brauer M. Butt M.H. Butt Z.A. Calina D. Cámera L.A. Chanie G.S. Charalampous P. Chattu V.K. Chimed-Ochir O. Chu D.-T. Cohen A.J. Cruz-Martins N. Dadras O. Darwesh A.M. Das S. Debela S.A. Delgado-Ortiz L. Dereje D. Dianatinasab M. Diao N. Diaz D. Digesa L.E. Dirirsa G. Doku P.N. Dongarwar D. Douiri A. Dsouza H.L. Eini E. Ekholuenetale M. Ekundayo T.C. Elagali A.E.M. Elhadi M. Enyew D.B. Erkhembayar R. Etaee F. Fagbamigbe A.F. Faro A. Fatehizadeh A. Fekadu G. Filip I. Fischer F. Foroutan M. Franklin R.C. Gaal P.A. Gaihre S. Gaipov A. Gebrehiwot M. Gerema U. Getachew M.E. Getachew T. Ghafourifard M. Ghanbari R. Ghashghaee A. Gholami A. Gil A.U. Golechha M. Goleij P. Golinelli D. Guadie H.A. Gupta B. Gupta S. Gupta V.B. Gupta V.K. Hadei M. Halwani R. Hanif A. Hargono A. Harorani M. Hartono R.K. Hasani H. Hashi A. Hay S.I. Heidari M. Hellemons M.E. Herteliu C. Holla R. Horita N. Hoseini M. Hosseinzadeh M. Huang J. Hussain S. Hwang B.-F. Iavicoli I. Ibitoye S.E. Ibrahim S. Ilesanmi O.S. Ilic I.M. Ilic M.D. Immurana M. Ismail N.E. Merin J L. Jakovljevic M. Jamshidi E. Janodia M.D. Javaheri T. Jayapal S.K. Jayaram S. Jha R.P. Johnson O. Joo T. Joseph N. Jozwiak J.J. Kraghuabr V. Kaambwa B. Kabir Z. Kalankesh L.R. Kalhor R. Kandel H. Karanth S.D. Karaye I.M. Kassa B.G. Kassie G.M. Keikavoosi-Arani L. Keykhaei M. Khajuria H. Khan I.A. Khan M.A.B. Khan Y.H. Khreis H. Kim M.S. Kisa A. Kisa S. Knibbs L.D. Kolkhir P. Komaki S. Kompani F. Koohestani H.R. Koolivand A. Korzh O. Koyanagi A. Krishan K. Krohn K.J. Kumar N. Kumar N. Kurmi O.P. Kuttikkattu A. Vecchia C.L. Lám J. Lan Q. Lasrado S. Latief K. Lauriola P. Lee S.-W. Lee Y.H. Legesse S.M. Lenzi J. Li M.-C. Lin R.-T. Liu G. Liu W. Lo C.-H. Lorenzovici L. Lu Y. Mahalingam S. Mahmoudi E. Mahotra N.B. Malekpour M.-R. Malik A.A. Mallhi T.H. Malta D.C. Mansouri B. Mathews E. Maulud S.Q. Mechili E.A. Nasab E.M. Menezes R.G. Mengistu D.A. Mentis A.-F.A. Meshkat M. Mestrovic T. De Sá A.C.M.G.N. Mirrakhimov E.M. Misganaw A. Mithra P. Moghadasi J. Mohammadi E. Mohammadi M. Mohammadshahi M. Mohammed S. Mohan S. Moka N. Monasta L. Moni M.A. Moniruzzaman M. Montazeri F. Moradi M. Mostafavi E. Mpundu-Kaambwa C. Murillo-Zamora E. Murray C.J.L. Nair T.S. Nangia V. Swamy S.N. Narayana A.I. Natto Z.S. Nayak B.P. Negash W.W. Nena E. Kandel S.N. Niazi R.K. De Sá A.T.N. Nowroozi A. Nzoputam C.I. Nzoputam O.J. Oancea B. Obaidur R.M. Odukoya O.O. Okati-Aliabad H. Okekunle A.P. Okonji O.C. Olagunju A.T. Bali A.O. Ostojic S.M. Mahesh P.A. Padron-Monedero A. Padubidri J.R. Fallahy M.T.P. Palicz T. Pana A. Park E.-K. Patel J. Paudel R. Paudel U. Pedersini P. Pereira M. Pereira R.B. Petcu I.-R. Pirestani M. Postma M.J. Prashant A. Rabiee M. Radfar A. Rafiei S. Rahim F. Ur Rahman M.H. Rahman M. Rahman M.A. Rahmani A.M. Rahmani S. Rahmanian V. Rajput P. Rana J. Rao C.R. Rao S.J. Rashedi S. Rashidi M.-M. Ratan Z.A. Rawaf D.L. Rawaf S. Rawal L. Rawassizadeh R. Razeghinia M.S. Redwan E.M.M. Rezaei M. Rezaei N. Rezaei N. Rezaeian M. Rodrigues M. Rodriguez J.A.B. Roever L. Rojas-Rueda D. Rudd K.E. Saad A.M.A. Sabour S. Saddik B. Sadeghi E. Sadeghi M. Saeed U. Sahebazzamani M. Sahebkar A. Sahoo H. Sajid M.R. Sakhamuri S. Salehi S. Samy A.M. Santric-Milicevic M.M. Jose B.P.S. Sathian B. Satpathy M. Saya G.K. Senthilkumaran S. Seylani A. Shahabi S. Shaikh M.A. Shanawaz M. Shannawaz M. Sheikhi R.A. Shekhar S. Sibhat M.M. Simpson C.R. Singh J.A. Singh P. Singh S. Skryabin V.Y. Skryabina A.A. Soltani-Zangbar M.S. Song S. Soyiri I.N. Steiropoulos P. Stockfelt L. Sun J. Takahashi K. Talaat I.M. Tan K.-K. Tat N.Y. Tat V.Y. Taye B.T. Thangaraju P. Thapar R. Thienemann F. Tiyuri A. Tran M.T.N. Tripathy J.P. Car L.T. Tusa B.S. Ullah I. Ullah S. Vacante M. Valdez P.R. Valizadeh R. Van Boven J.F.M. Vasankari T.J. Vaziri S. Violante F.S. Vo B. Wang N. Wei M.Y. Westerman R. Wickramasinghe N.D. Xu S. Xu X. Yadav L. Yismaw Y. Yon D.K. Yonemoto N. Yu C. Yu Y. Yunusa I. Zahir M. Zangiabadian M. Zareshahrabadi Z. Zarrintan A. Zastrozhin M.S. Zegeye Z.B. Zhang Y. Naghavi M. Larijani B. Farzadfar F.
May 2023 Elsevier Ltd

eClinicalMedicine
2023 #59

Background: Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a one-third reduction in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by 2030. We provided global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of CRDs and their attributable risks from 1990 to 2019. Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we estimated mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), prevalence, and incidence of CRDs, i.e. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pneumoconiosis, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis, and other CRDs, from 1990 to 2019 by sex, age, region, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) in 204 countries and territories. Deaths and DALYs from CRDs attributable to each risk factor were estimated according to relative risks, risk exposure, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level input. Findings: In 2019, CRDs were the third leading cause of death responsible for 4.0 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 3.6–4.3) with a prevalence of 454.6 million cases (417.4–499.1) globally. While the total deaths and prevalence of CRDs have increased by 28.5% and 39.8%, the age-standardised rates have dropped by 41.7% and 16.9% from 1990 to 2019, respectively. COPD, with 212.3 million (200.4–225.1) prevalent cases, was the primary cause of deaths from CRDs, accounting for 3.3 million (2.9–3.6) deaths. With 262.4 million (224.1–309.5) prevalent cases, asthma had the highest prevalence among CRDs. The age-standardised rates of all burden measures of COPD, asthma, and pneumoconiosis have reduced globally from 1990 to 2019. Nevertheless, the age-standardised rates of incidence and prevalence of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis have increased throughout this period. Low- and low-middle SDI countries had the highest age-standardised death and DALYs rates while the high SDI quintile had the highest prevalence rate of CRDs. The highest deaths and DALYs from CRDs were attributed to smoking globally, followed by air pollution and occupational risks. Non-optimal temperature and high body-mass index were additional risk factors for COPD and asthma, respectively. Interpretation: Albeit the age-standardised prevalence, death, and DALYs rates of CRDs have decreased, they still cause a substantial burden and deaths worldwide. The high death and DALYs rates in low and low-middle SDI countries highlights the urgent need for improved preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic measures. Global strategies for tobacco control, enhancing air quality, reducing occupational hazards, and fostering clean cooking fuels are crucial steps in reducing the burden of CRDs, especially in low- and lower-middle income countries. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Asthma , Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , Epidemiology , Interstitial lung disease , Lung disease , Morbidity , Mortality , Pneumoconiosis , Pulmonary emphysema

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Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Students Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Childrens Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Cardiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
National Institute for Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel, Germany
Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
Faculty of Medicine, University of Setif Algeria, Sétif, Algeria
Community and Maternity Nursing Unit, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq
School of Planning, Faculty of Environment, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Internal Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
Department of General Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
Department of Pediatrics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Department of Midwifery, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Clinical and Psychosocial Epidemiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Clinical and Psychosocials Epidemiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Quality and Systems Performance Unit, Cancer Institute NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Department of Neonatology, Indiana University Health Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, IN, United States
Faculty of Medicine, Bandung, Indonesia
Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Bandung, Indonesia
Universitas Padjadjaran (Padjadjaran University), Bandung, Indonesia
Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
Department of Pharmacy, Quaid i Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Iraq
Geriatric and Long Term Care Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, MN, United States
Department of Public Health, Harar Health Science College, Harar, Ethiopia
Department of Public Health, Rift Valley University, Harar, Ethiopia
School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Department of Health Policy and Management, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies, Universidad de la Costa (University of the Coast), Barranquilla, Colombia
Research Group in Health Economics, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
Applied Science and Technology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
Chemical Engineering Department-Biotechnology Group, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Department of Radiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Department of Health Service Management, Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Tabriz, Iran
Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Cardiology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia
Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Department of Anatomy, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Department of Comprehensive Nursing, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Department of Biomedical Science, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), Anhembi Morumbi University, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
Polish Mothers Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
Molecular Microbiology and Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
Department of Molecular Microbiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
Department of Public & Environmental Health, University of the Gambia, Brikama, Gambia
Epidemiology and Disease Control Unit, Ministry of Health, Kotu, Gambia
Department of Academics, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gurgaon, India
Surgery Department, Jimma University, jimma, Ethiopia
Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
Department of Statistical and Computational Genomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India
Department of Statistics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
Department of Medicine, University Ferhat Abbas of Setif, Setif, Algeria
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Saadna Abdenour, Setif, Algeria
Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
Cancer Population Sciences Program, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, United States
School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Al Shifa School of Public Health, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
Internal Medicine Department, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Board of Directors, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Argentine Society of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Clinical Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi, India
Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, VNUInternational School, Hanoi, Viet Nam
Health Effects Institute, Boston, MA, United States
Therapeutic and Diagnostic Technologies, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário, Polytechnic and University Higher Education Cooperative, Gandra, Portugal
Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Chemistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Section Global Health and Rehabilitation, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Information Technology, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Department of Computer Science, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Diplomacy and Public Relations Department, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Department of Biochemistry, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Delhi, India
School of Public Health, Salale University, Fiche, Ethiopia
NCDs and Environment Programme, ISGlobal Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
Department of Biomedical Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
Department of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Environmental Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
Department of Health Policy and Oral Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
Center of Complexity Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, Mexico
Department of Environmental Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
Department of Health Informatics, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
Department of Environmental Health Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
Health Science Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States
School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka State, Mangalore, India
Department of Orthodontics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Faculty of Public Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria
Minderoo Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
Department of International Cyber Education, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
Department of Psychology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Department of Pharmacy, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
Department of Public Health, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
Psychiatry Department, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, CA, United States
School of Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ, United States
Institute of Public Health, Berlin, Germany
Institute for Allergology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Charité Medical University Berlin), Berlin, Germany
Department of Medical Parasitology, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
School of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia
Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Department of Applied Social Sciences, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Târgu-Mures, Romania
Institute of Applied Health Sciences (IAHS), University of Aberdeen, Coleraine, United Kingdom
Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Department of Environmental Health, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
Department of Public Health, Jimma University, Oromia, Jimma, Ethiopia
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
Health Services Management Department, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
NCD Surveillance Unit, World Health Organization (WHO), Moscow, Russian Federation
Institute for Leadership and Health Management, Moscow Medical Academy, Moscow, Russian Federation
Health Systems and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India
Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Health Informatics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Department of Pharmacology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Department of Public Health, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Toxicology Department, Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi, Delhi, India
School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Department of Epidemiology, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia
Department of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Maju, Indonesian Advanced College of Health Sciences, Institution of Public Health Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia
Department of Ophthalmology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
Department of Public Health, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
School of Business, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
School of PublicHealth and Health Management, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Department of Epidemiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Malaysia
Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dr. D. Y. Patil University, Pune, India
Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Institute of Comparative Economic Studies, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan
Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
Health Informatic Lab, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
Centre of Studies and Research, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Mysuru, India
Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College & Hospital, Delhi, India
Department of Community Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
Hungarian Health Management Association, Budapest, Hungary
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
Health Economics Unit, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Health and Social Care Economics Group, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Sydney Eye Hospital, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
School of Health Professions and Human Services, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, United States
Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Department of Healthcare Services Management, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India
Amity Institute of Public Health, Amity University, Noida, India
Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
Family Medicine Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
Primary Care Department, NHS North West London, London, United Kingdom
Clinical Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Texas A&M Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
Department of Genomics and Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Seoul, South Korea
Public Health Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Wando, South Korea
School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
Department of International Health and Sustainable Development, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
Division of Immune-mediated Skin Diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation
First Moscow State Medical University, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Department of Physiology, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
Department of General Practice - Family Medicine, Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Department of Nephrology, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, India
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
NEVES Society for Patient Safety, Budapest, Hungary
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India
Centre for Family Welfare, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
Global Health and Health Security, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
International Society Doctors for the Environment, Arezzo, Italy
Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
Knowledge Translation Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
National Data Management Center for Health, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
Institute for Health and Environment, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
Department of Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, Las Vegas, NV, United States
Department of Health Economics, Syreon Research Romania, TARGU MURES, Romania
Department of Doctoral Studies, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology from Targu Mures, Tirgu Mures, Romania
Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
Department of Clinical Physiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
Central Department of Public Health, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Department of Dental Public Health, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Departamento de Clínica Médica, Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Department of Infectious Disease, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, India
College of Education-Department of Biology, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
Department of Healthcare, University of Vlora, Vlorë, Albania
Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
Forensic Medicine Division, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
International Dx Department, BGI Genomics, Copenhagen, Denmark
University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia
Internal Medicine Programme, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Department of Atherosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Disease, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Department of Higher EducationManagement, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Department of Health Care Management, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India
Oncology Department, Appalachian Regional Healthcare, Haz

Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center
School of Medicine
Department of Pediatric Cardiology
Research Center for Immunodeficiencies
Institute for Environmental Research
Students Scientific Research Center (SSRC)
Childrens Medical Center
Department of Cardiology
Tehran Heart Center
National Institute for Health Research
Department of Medicine
Kiel Institute for the World Economy
Faculty of Medicine
Applied Biomedical Research Center
Biotechnology Research Center
Social Determinants of Health Research Center
Department of Epidemiology
Functional Neurosurgery Research Center
School of Medicine
Urology and Nephrology Research Center
Department of Surgery
Faculty of Medicine
Community and Maternity Nursing Unit
School of Planning
School of Public Health and Health Systems
Department of Neurosurgery
Keck School of Medicine
Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition
Cellular and Molecular Biology Department
Department of Internal Medicine
Department of General Medicine
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology
Department of Community Medicine
Department of Pediatrics
Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care
Department of Midwifery
Clinical and Psychosocial Epidemiology
Clinical and Psychosocials Epidemiology
University Medical Center Groningen
Centre for Social Research in Health
School of Population Health
Quality and Systems Performance Unit
Department of Neonatology
Faculty of Medicine
Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation
Universitas Padjadjaran (Padjadjaran University)
Department of Health and Biological Sciences
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center
Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies
School of Public Health
WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training
Department of Primary Care and Public Health
School of Pharmacy
Department of Pharmacy
Institute of Endemic Diseases
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Geriatric and Long Term Care Department
Rumailah Hospital
Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center
Department of Public Health
Department of Public Health
School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
Department of Health Policy and Management
International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding
College of Medicine
Ministry of Health
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies
Research Group in Health Economics
Applied Science and Technology
Chemical Engineering Department-Biotechnology Group
Department of Parasitology and Entomology
Road Traffic Injury Research Center
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing
Department of Immunology
Department of Radiology
Department of Health Service Management
Faculty of Pharmacy
Cardiology Department
Department of Statistics and Econometrics
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Division of Pulmonary
Department of Health Metrics Sciences
School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences
Health Management and Economics Research Center
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
Department of Maternal and Child Health
University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology
University Institute of Public Health
Department of Immunology
Department of Anatomy
Department of Comprehensive Nursing
Department of Biomedical Science
Department of Physiotherapy
Kasturba Medical College
Community Medicine
Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Manipal College of Dental Sciences
Department of Community Medicine
Department of Medicine
School of Medicine
Department of Environmental Health Engineering
Department of Biology
Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center
Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Center of Innovation
Department of Hypertension
Polish Mothers Memorial Hospital Research Institute
Molecular Microbiology and Bacteriology
Department of Molecular Microbiology
Department of Translational Medicine
Department of Public & Environmental Health
Epidemiology and Disease Control Unit
Department of Academics
Surgery Department
Department of Internal Medicine
Department of Anatomy
Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine
School of Public Health
Department of Pharmacology
Department of Statistical and Computational Genomics
Department of Statistics
Department of Medicine
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine
Department of Epidemiology
UF Health Cancer Center
Cancer Population Sciences Program
School of Population and Public Health
Faculty of Pharmacy
Al Shifa School of Public Health
Clinical Pharmacy
Internal Medicine Department
Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires)
Board of Directors
Argentine Society of Medicine
Clinical Pharmacy
Department of Public Health
Department of Pulmonary Medicine
Department of Community Medicine
Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals
Department of Public Health and Health Policy
Center for Biomedicine and Community Health
Health Effects Institute
Therapeutic and Diagnostic Technologies
Institute for Research and Innovation in Health
Department of Chemistry
Section Global Health and Rehabilitation
Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care
Department of Information Technology
Department of Computer Science
Diplomacy and Public Relations Department
Department of Biochemistry
School of Public Health
NCDs and Environment Programme
Department of Experimental and Health Sciences
Department of Biomedical Science
Department of Public Health
Department of Epidemiology
Department of Epidemiology
Department of Environmental Health
Research Center for Health Sciences
Health Policy Research Center
Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology
Department of Environmental Health
Department of Health Policy and Oral Epidemiology
Center of Complexity Sciences
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics
Department of Environmental Health
Department of Health Informatics
Department of Environmental Health Science
School of Nursing and Midwifery
Health Science Center
School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences
Forensic Medicine and Toxicology
Department of Orthodontics
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics
Faculty of Public Health
Department of Health Promotion and Education
Department of Community Medicine
College of Medicine
Department of Biological Sciences
Minderoo Foundation
School of Biological Sciences
Faculty of Medicine
Department of International Cyber Education
Department of Internal Medicine
Institute of Applied Health Sciences
Department of Psychology
School of Pharmacy
Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care
Department of Pharmacy
Department of Public Health
Psychiatry Department
School of Health Sciences
Institute of Public Health
Institute for Allergology
Department of Medical Parasitology
Faculty of Medicine
School of Public Health
Health Services Management Training Centre
Department of Applied Social Sciences
Institute of Applied Health Sciences (IAHS)
Department of Medicine
Department of Environmental Health
Department of Public Health
Department of Environmental Health Engineering
School of Public Health
Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases
Health Services Management Department
Social Determinants of Health Research Center
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center
NCD Surveillance Unit
Institute for Leadership and Health Management
Health Systems and Policy Research
Department of Genetics
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences
Department of Health Informatics
Department of Pharmacology
Department of Public Health
Toxicology Department
School of Medicine
Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences
Clinical Sciences Department
College of Medicine
Sharjah Institute for Medical Research
Department of Epidemiology
Department of Nursing
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Maju
Department of Ophthalmology
Department of Public Health
School of Business
Department of Pulmonology
National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
Institute of Research and Development
Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation
Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses
Department of Occupational Safety and Health
College of Public Health
Department of Public Health
Department of Community Medicine
Faculty of Medicine
School of PublicHealth and Health Management
Department of Epidemiology
Institute of Health Research
Department of Clinical Pharmacy
Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics
Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies
Institute of Comparative Economic Studies
Division of Pulmonary Medicine
Health Informatic Lab
Department of Computer Science
Centre of Studies and Research
Department of Biochemistry
Department of Community Medicine
Department of Community Medicine
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development
Department of Mathematics
Hungarian Health Management Association
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health
Health Economics Unit
College of Medicine and Public Health
Health and Social Care Economics Group
Caring Futures Institute
School of Public Health
Social Determinants of Health Research Center
Save Sight Institute
School of Public Health
Sydney Eye Hospital
School of Health Professions and Human Services
Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre
Department of Healthcare Services Management
Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences
Amity Institute of Public Health
Department of Pediatrics
Family Medicine Department
Primary Care Department
Clinical Pharmacy
Department of Clinical Pharmacy
MRC Epidemiology Unit
Texas A&M Transportation Institute
Department of Genomics and Digital Health
Public Health Center
School of Health Sciences
Department of International Health and Sustainable Development
Department of Nursing and Health Promotion
Division of Immune-mediated Skin Diseases
First Moscow State Medical University
Department of Physiology
Social Determinants of Health Research Center
Department of Environmental Health Engineering
Department of General Practice - Family Medicine
Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM)
Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)
Department of Anthropology
Amity Institute of Biotechnology
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences
Department of Medicine
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences
Department of Nephrology
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health
NEVES Society for Patient Safety
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
Department of Otorhinolaryngology
Centre for Family Welfare
Global Health and Health Security
International Society Doctors for the Environment
Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab
Department of Preventive Medicine
Knowledge Translation Directorate
National Data Management Center for Health
Department of Health Promotion and Health Education
Asbestos Diseases Research Institute
School of Life Sciences
Centre for Inflammation
Institute for Health and Environment
Department of Internal Medicine
Department of Health Economics
Department of Doctoral Studies
Department of Epidemiology
Department of Clinical Physiology
Central Department of Public Health
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
Rabigh Faculty of Medicine
Department of Dental Public Health
Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health
Departamento de Clínica Médica
Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine
Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center
Department of Infectious Disease
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine
College of Education-Department of Biology
Department of Healthcare
Clinic of Social and Family Medicine
Forensic Medicine Division
International Dx Department
University Centre Varazdin
Internal Medicine Programme
Department of Atherosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease
Department of Higher EducationManagement
Department of Information Technology
Health Systems and Policy Research Unit
Department of Health Care Management
Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center
Department of Health Education and Promotion
Center for Transdisciplinary Research
Oncology Department

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