Advances in Catalyst Design for High-Rate Electrochemical CO2 Reduction: The Role of Multilayered Architectures
Mohammad S.I. Vasudevan A. AlMohamadi H. Altalbawy F.M.A. Rekha M. M. Agarwal A. Singh A. Sharma R. AlKhafaje Z. Zaurbekov N.
28 January 2026John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Chemistry - An Asian Journal
2026#21Issue 2
Electrochemical CO2 conversion (ECC) has emerged as a promising strategy to address global carbon emissions while producing valuable fuels and chemicals. This mini review examines the fundamental mechanisms of CO2 reduction on catalytic surfaces, where the interplay between adsorption energies, intermediate stabilization, and charge transfer governs reaction pathways and selectivity. We systematically analyze the key factors determining catalyst performance, including surface electronic structure, active site coordination, and local microenvironment effects. The discussion highlights innovative strategies for enhancing ECC efficiency: (1) precise control of top coating on catalysts to optimize active sites and local reaction environment, and (2) rational engineering of reaction environments through electrolyte modulation and pH management. A dedicated focus is placed on surface coating techniques as a transformative approach—protective layers can simultaneously stabilize catalysts against reconstruction, tailor interfacial charge transfer, and mitigate competing reactions. By correlating recent advances in material design with mechanistic insights, this mini review provides a framework for developing next-generation ECC systems, bridging fundamental surface science with practical catalytic engineering.
CO2 electroredeuction , Ionomer coatings , Multilayer catalysts , Nanomaterials , Polymer coating
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Electronic Marketing and Social Media, Economic and Administrative Sciences Zarqa University, Jordan, Jordan
Research follower, INTI International University, Negeri Sembilan, 71800, Malaysia
Faculty of Business and Communications, INTI International University, Negeri Sembilan, 71800, Malaysia
Shinawatra University, 99 Moo 10, Bangtoey, Pathum Thani, Samkhok, 12160, Thailand
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
Department of Chemistry, University College in Duba, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India
Sharda School of Engineering & Science, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, Rajpura, 140401, India
Department of Chemistry, University Institute of Sciences, Chandigarh University, Punjab, Mohali, India
Department of Medical Analysis, Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Electronic Marketing and Social Media
Research follower
Faculty of Business and Communications
Shinawatra University
Department of Chemical Engineering
Department of Chemistry
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Sharda School of Engineering & Science
Centre for Research Impact & Outcome
Department of Chemistry
Department of Medical Analysis
Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University
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