Bridging international borders through global health diplomacy: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the state of play and leads for advancing this domain

Mittal G.C. Chattu V.K. Clare R. Narayanan P. Varghese C.
4 November 2025 Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Health Promotion Perspectives
2025 #15 Issue 3 252 - 260 pp.

Background: Global health diplomacy (GHD) is an emerging intersection of health and international relations, particularly in transnational health challenges. Though growingly important, especially in the current global health scenario, this study aimed to perform a bibliometric analysis of GHD to identify emerging themes, leading contributors, research gaps for further studies and policy directions. Methods: A bibliometric analysis was done on SCOPUS, and a return of 242 articles published between 2007 and 2024 contained the keyword “global health diplomacy.” The data was analyzed using Biblioshiny and then exported to Microsoft Excel for thematic coding. Key indicators included publication trends, co-authorship networks, and keyword co-occurrences to establish key trends and gaps. Results: A growing body of research observed an annual growth rate of 7.65% [95% CI]. North American and European countries led the research, especially the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The dominant themes included vaccine diplomacy, global health, Artificial Intelligence-Machine Learning and digital health, governance, and international cooperation. However, there were significant gaps, including underrepresentation from low-and middleincome countries (LMICs), limited focus on noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) including mental health, and neglected climate-health intersections. Conclusion: This study highlights the fast growth and changing nature of GHD research while indicating some key gaps that deserve further research. Strengthening contributions of LMICs, expanding thematic focus to NCDs and environmental health, and fostering interdisciplinary approaches are crucial for advancing the field. The findings are highly relevant for policy and research purposes and will push forward an impactful GHD for global health challenges.

Bibliometrics , Climate , Digital health , Diplomacy , Global health , International cooperation , Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) , Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) , Sustainable development , Vaccines

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Center for Evidence-based Diplomacy, Global Health Research and Innovations Canada Inc. (GHRIC), Toronto, ON, Canada
ReSTORE Lab, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1V7, ON, Canada
Central Asian Regional Center for Planetary Health (CARCPH), Semey Medical University, Semey, 071400, Kazakhstan
Department of Public Health, Health Administration & Information and Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, 37203, TN, United States
Centre for Digital Health, Applied Research, and Technology, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576 104, India
Department of Global Public Health Policy & Governance, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576 104, India
Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576 104, India

Center for Evidence-based Diplomacy
ReSTORE Lab
Central Asian Regional Center for Planetary Health (CARCPH)
Department of Public Health
Centre for Digital Health
Department of Global Public Health Policy & Governance
Prasanna School of Public Health

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