Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Mergenova G. Davis A. Rosenthal S.L. Terlikbayeva A. Primbetova S. Darisheva M. Bukharbayeva A. Denebayeva A.Y. DeHovitz J.
January-December 2025SAGE Publications Inc.
Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
2025#24
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cases are rising in Central Asia and Kazakhstan. People living with HIV (PLWH) in Kazakhstan are at heightened risk of severe COVID-19. We conducted a study to evaluate determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among PLWH in Kazakhstan. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 196 PLWH were recruited from the Almaty City AIDS Center (July 2022-January 2023). We used logistic regression to evaluate how multilevel factors are associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among PLWH in Kazakhstan. Results: COVID-19 vaccine non-uptake was associated with higher HIV stigma scores (AOR = 1.08, 95%CI:1.02,1.16, P = 0.017), a lower level of education (AOR = 2.53, 95%CI: 1.04,6.17, P = 0.0412), and never receiving the flu vaccine (AOR = 15.64, 95%CI:3.66,66.89, P = 0.0002). Participants with at least mild anxiety symptoms (AOR = 0.15, 95%CI:0.03,0.64, P = 0.0107) and a positive attitude towards vaccination (AOR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.73,0.86, P < 0.0001) were less likely to remain unvaccinated against COVID-19. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination campaigns should be tailored for PLWH and incorporate stigma reduction interventions within healthcare settings.
anxiety , attitudes , COVID-19 , health behavior , HIV , stigma , vaccine
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Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Department of Epidemiology, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Columbia University School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
Department of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (United States), New York, NY, United States
Almaty City AIDS center, Almaty, Kazakhstan
State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
Global Health Research Center of Central Asia
Department of Epidemiology
Columbia University School of Social Work
Department of Pediatrics and Psychiatry
Almaty City AIDS center
State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University
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