Development of the Adaptive Potential of Alfalfa Medicago sativa l. Using Ecotypes of wild Medicago falcata l. in Backcross Hybridization
Meiirman G. Yerzhanova S. Abayev S. Shegebаev G. Kenebaev А. Toktarbekova S.
31 December 2024Unique Scientific Publishers
International Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences
2024#13Issue 4763 - 769 pp.
This study aimed to improve cultivated alfalfas drought resistance and adaptability (Medicago sativa L.) by utilizing the beneficial traits of the wild species Medicago falcata L. through backcross hybridization. Interspecific hybrids of M. falcata L. and M. sativa L. were produced and backcrossed with M. sativa L. up to the BC4 generation. The initial hybrid cultivated alfalfas drought resistance and adaptability ids and subsequent backcross generations (BC1–BC3) were assessed for phenotypic traits, productivity, and adaptation potential under drought conditions. Statistical analyses including dispersion and chi-square tests, were applied to evaluate the results. The backcross hybrids demonstrated enhanced drought resistance and productivity, with traits increasingly resembling those of M. sativa L. over successive generations. Desirable phenotypes, such as blue flower color, semi-erect to erect bush types, and reduced seed hardness, became more prevalent with each backcross generation. Significant improvements were observed in seed yield and bean setting rates from the initial hybrids to the BC3 generation, indicating successful gene transfer from M. falcata L. to M. sativa L. This research highlights the potential of using M. falcata L. ecotypes in backcross hybridization to develop new alfalfa varieties better suited to arid environments, addressing the challenges of climate change and water scarcity.
Alfalfa species , Backcross hybrids , Ecotype , Marker trait , Selection
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Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing” LLP, p. Almalybak, Karasai district, Almaty region, Kazakhstan
Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing” LLP
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