Assessing risk factors for heart disease using machine learning methods
Maxutova N. Tussupov J. Kedelbayeva K. Tynykulova A. Balabayeva Z. Yersultanova Z. Khamitova Z. Zhunussova K.
December 2024Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
2024#14Issue 66734 - 6742 pp.
This paper examines various machine learning methods for assessing risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. To build predictive models, two approaches were used: the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm and a convolutional neural network (CNN). The focus is on analyzing the performance of each model in classification and regression tasks, as well as their ability to identify key biomarkers and risk factors such as cholesterol, ferritin, homocysteine and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. XGBoost parameters have been optimized for working with tabular data, demonstrating high accuracy in risk prediction. The CNN model, despite the initial reduction in error on the training set, showed signs of overfitting when analyzing validation data. Performance evaluation using the metrics of mean squared error (MSE), coefficient of determination (R2), Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) revealed significant differences between the models. The study results confirm the effectiveness of XGBoost in analyzing tabular data and summarizing risk factor knowledge, while the CNN model needs further optimization to handle sparse data. The work demonstrates the importance of choosing the right model architecture and training parameters to ensure reliable diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.
Biochemical indicators , Cardiovascular diseases , Machine learning technologies , Mean squared error , Pathology , Vanilla CNN , XGBoost
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Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Information Technologies, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Cardiology, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Higher School of Information Technology and Engineering, Astana International University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Medical Center Hospital of the President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Physics, Mathematics, and Digital Technology, U. Sultangazin Pedagogical Institute Non-Profit Limited Company “Akhmet Baitursynuly Kostanay Regional University”, Kostanay, Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan National Association of Nutritionists and Health Coaches, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Information Systems
Department of Cardiology
Higher School of Information Technology and Engineering
Medical Center Hospital of the President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Department of Physics
Kazakhstan National Association of Nutritionists and Health Coaches
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