Graphene adsorbents and photocatalysts derived from agricultural wastes: A review
Maroulas K.N. Karakotsou A. Poulopoulos S.G. Konstantinou I. Ladomenou K. Kyzas G.Z.
December 2024Elsevier B.V.
Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment
2024#8
Graphene-based materials such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have been extensively used for wastewater purification and treatment. Their unique properties, including large surface area, tunable pore structures, high adsorption capacity, electrical conductivity, rich surface chemistry and catalytic activity, make them highly efficient as adsorbents and photocatalysts for the removal of a wide range of pollutants. Consequently, innovative and cost-effective methods for the preparation of these materials are required to broaden their application. This review comprehensively elucidates recent advances in the synthesis of graphene-based adsorbents and photocatalysts derived from various agricultural wastes, including oil palm trunks, coconut shells, tea wastes and rice straws. The manuscript focuses on methodologies used to convert agricultural residues into graphene, highlighting key processes such as pyrolysis and chemical reduction. Innovative approaches for reducing of GO to rGO using plant extracts as reducing agents are discussed in detail, with an examination of their synthetic mechanisms and potential drawbacks. Special emphasis is placed on the characterization techniques employed for the prepared materials including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Additionally, the review provides a timely overview of the adsorption performance of these graphene materials in removing various organic and inorganic pollutants, such as dyes, heavy metals, and pharmaceuticals. The photocatalytic efficiency of these materials in degrading pollutants under different light sources is also critically evaluated. Overall, this review highlights the potential of graphene derived from agricultural wastes as a promising solution for sustainable environmental remediation and lays the groundwork for future innovations in this field.
Adsorption , Agricultural wastes , Graphene , Photocatalysis , Wastewaters
Text of the article Перейти на текст статьи
Hephaestus Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Kavala, GR-65404, Greece
Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Environmental Science & Technology Group (ESTg), Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GR-45110, Greece
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research and Innovation Center, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GR-45110, Greece
Hephaestus Laboratory
Chemical and Materials Engineering Department
Department of Chemistry
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026