Extraction, Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Lignocellulosic Simpor Leaf Residue
Mamudu U. Kabyshev A. Bekmyrza K. Kuterbekov K.A. Baratova A. Omeiza L.A. Lim R.C.
April 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Molecules
2025#30Issue 7
In this study, α-cellulose was extracted from lignocellulosic simpor leaf residue as a sustainable alternative to conventional cellulose sources. The extraction process involved the removal of hemicellulose, lignin, and other phytocompounds using alkali (NaOH) treatment and bleaching with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was isolated from α-cellulose using sulfuric acid hydrolysis treatment followed by ultrasonication. The extracted α-cellulose and isolated NCC were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The obtained results confirmed that the extracted NCC exhibited characteristic cellulose functional groups and a crystallinity index of 64.7%, indicating the effective removal of amorphous regions through sulfuric acid hydrolysis. The thermal stability of the extracted cellulose increased to 332 °C due to the elimination of extractives. DLS analysis showed that the extracted NCC exhibited high colloidal stability in polar solvents, characterized by a zeta potential of −70.8 mV and an average particle size of 251.7 nm. This study highlights an environmentally friendly approach for converting low-value biomass waste into high-value cellulose materials with potential applications in sustainable packaging, biomedical applications and composite reinforcement.
lignocellulosic , nanocrystalline cellulose , phytocompounds , simpor leaf residue , sulfuric acid hydrolysis , α-cellulose
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Material Analysis and Metal Testing Department, National Metallurgical Development Centre, Nigeria
Faculty of Physics and Technical Sciences, L. N. Gumilyov, Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Brunei, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Brunei, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
Material Analysis and Metal Testing Department
Faculty of Physics and Technical Sciences
Faculty of Integrated Technologies
Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences
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