Biochemical analysis of the Caspian Sea sediments: Implications for environmental pollution and bioremediation
Mamataeva A. Kuatbayev A. Gartsiyanov K. Abdurashidovich U.A. Flora A. Ravshanbekovna M.G. Toshmamatovich T.U. Khakimboy Ugli B.O. Sapaev I.B. Mamasoatov D. Bakhtiyarovna B.Z. Mamatqurbonovich E.N. Kholmirzaev M.
December 2024University of Guilan
Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences
2024#22Issue 51021 - 1032 pp.
The Caspian Sea, Earths largest enclosed inland water body, faces significant environmental challenges due to anthropogenic pollution. This study aimed to assess pollution levels in the Caspian Sea sediments and evaluate the potential for microbial bioremediation. Sediment samples were collected from 15 sites along the Caspian coastline. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (lead and cadmium) were quantified using GC-MS and AAS, respectively. Microbial community analysis was performed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Native bacterial strains were isolated, characterized for their pollutant degradation capabilities, and tested in laboratory-scale bioremediation experiments. Total PAH concentrations ranged from 119.5 to 2032.7 μg kg-1 dry weight, while mean concentrations of lead and cadmium were 67.9 and 2.15 mg kg-1, respectively. Microbial analysis revealed diverse communities dominated by Proteobacteria, with genera known for hydrocarbon degradation (e.g., Pseudomonas and Alcanivorax) showing strong positive correlations with contaminant levels. Isolated bacterial strains demonstrated remarkable PAH degradation (up to 87% for naphthalene) and heavy metal removal capabilities. In microcosm experiments, bacterial consortia achieved up to 89.7% PAH removal and 61.4% lead removal after 30 days. This study provides comprehensive insights into the Caspian Sea sediments pollution status and microbial ecology, revealing significant contamination and remarkable potential for intrinsic bioremediation. The identified native bacterial strains and consortia offer promising avenues for developing tailored bioremediation strategies, although further field-scale trials are necessary to validate their effectiveness under real-world conditions.
Caspian Sea , Environmental remediation , Heavy metals , Microbial bioremediation , PAHs , Sediment pollution
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Department of biology, Institute of natural science, Kazakh National Womens Teacher Training University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Ecology Department, Faculty of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana, Kazakhstan
National Institute of Geophysics, Geodesy and Geography, Hydrology and Water Management Research Center, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (NIGGG-BAS), Sofia, Bulgaria
Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 3, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
Tashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan
Department of Finance, Termez State University, Uzbekistan
Department of Fruits and Vegetables, Urganch State University, Uzbekistan
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers National Research University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Str. Gavhar 1, Tashkent, 100149, Uzbekistan
Western Caspian University, Scientific researcher, Baku, Azerbaijan
International School of Finance and Technology, Tashkent region, Kibrai district, University street2, Tashkent, 111200, Uzbekistan
Bilolova Zamira Bakhtiyarovna, ALFRAGANUS UNIVERSITY, Uzbekistan
Department of Electrical Technology and Operation of Electrical Equipment, Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers National Research University, Uzbekistan
Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, University Boulevard, 15, Samarkand, 703004, Uzbekistan
Department of biology
Ecology Department
National Institute of Geophysics
Acad. G. Bonchev Str.
Tashkent State Technical University
Tashkent State University of Economics
Gulistan State University
Department of Finance
Department of Fruits and Vegetables
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers National Research University
University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences
Western Caspian University
International School of Finance and Technology
Bilolova Zamira Bakhtiyarovna
Department of Electrical Technology and Operation of Electrical Equipment
Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov
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