Screening of Apple Cultivars for Scab Resistance in Kazakhstan
Madenova A. Aitymbet Z. Bolat M. Kaldybayeva D. Galymbek K. Kuan A. Kabylbekova B. Irkitbay A. Yeszhanov T. Bakirov S. Sapakhova Z.
February 2024Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Horticulturae
2024#10Issue 2
Scab, caused by Venturia inaequalis, is the most destructive fungal disease of apple worldwide. Apple scab incidence was studied in apple orchards in the south and southeast of Kazakhstan, including the Almaty, Zhambyl, and Turkestan regions, during 2022 and 2023. Disease incidence was higher in the Zhambyl region than in the Turkestan and Almaty regions in both years. The field evaluation suggested that 19 genotypes showed resistance to apple scab. Molecular screening was carried out using eight gene-specific molecular markers (AM19, CH05e03, OPL19, Hi07f02, AL07, K08, HB09, and CH02f06). The results of the molecular screening revealed that in 38 of the 45 studied cultivars, which included 11 Kazakh cultivars and 34 foreign cultivars, the Rvi (Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi5, Rvi6, Rvi8, Rvi9, Rvi11, Rvi14, and Rvi15) resistance genes were amplified. Resistance genes such as Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi6, and Rvi9 are still useful for breeding, but their use is recommended only in extended pyramids of multiple resistance genes. Several cultivars will be strong candidates for further breeding programs against apple scab and for the pyramiding of scab resistance genes in new cultivars.
apple scab , molecular marker , resistance genes , Venturia inaequalis
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Laboratory of Plant Microclonal Propagation, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Institute of Natural Sciences and Geography, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Kazakh Fruit and Vegetable Research Institute, Almaty, 050060, Kazakhstan
Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Protection and Quarantine Named by Zh. Zhiembayev, Almaty, 050070, Kazakhstan
Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Laboratory of Plant Microclonal Propagation
Department of Biotechnology
Institute of Natural Sciences and Geography
Kazakh Fruit and Vegetable Research Institute
Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Protection and Quarantine Named by Zh. Zhiembayev
Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology
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