Ovocidal Effect of Achillea salicifolia and Hedysarum Gmelinii Extracts on Toxocara Cati Eggs in an in Vitro Experiment

Lider L. Suleimen Y. Mamytbekova G. Nurymov Z. Ibataev Z. Mannapova N. Talgat A. Zhagipar F. Yeszhanova G.
2025 Science Publications

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
2025 #20 Issue 4 386 - 394 pp.

This study investigated the ovicidal activity of Achillea salicifolia and Hedysarum gmelinii extracts against Toxocara cati eggs under in vitro conditions. Two concentrations (5% and 10%) and four exposure times (0.5, 1, 24, 48 h) were tested in triplicate. The proportion of viable and non-viable eggs, embryo destruction, and shell degeneration were recorded microscopically. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukeys post-hoc test (p < 0.05). At early exposure (0.5–1 h), all treatments showed high viability (≥60%) with no significant differences from the control (p > 0.05). After 24 h, egg non-viability markedly increased in both plant extracts: A. salicifolia 5% = 81.0 ± 3.5%, 10% = 88.0 ± 2.9%; H. gmelinii 5% = 77.0 ± 3.8%, 10% = 82.0 ± 3.3%. Embryo destruction reached 45–52%, and shell degeneration 40– 48%. At 48 h, maximal ovicidal effects were observed: A. salicifolia 10% = 89.0 ± 2.7% non-viable eggs (p < 0.01), embryo destruction 60 ± 4%, shell degeneration 55 ± 5%; H. gmelinii 10% = 87.0 ± 3.1% (p < 0.05), embryo destruction 57 ± 4%, shell degeneration 51 ± 4%. Phenol (4%) produced the highest ovicidal effect (94.0 ± 1.2% non-viable, p < 0.001), whereas the untreated control maintained >90% viability. The results demonstrate a clear time-and concentration-dependent pattern. A. salicifolia exhibited faster onset of action, while H. gmelinii showed slower, cumulative effects associated with progressive embryonic destruction and shell degradation. Both extracts displayed moderate but significant ovicidal activity, highlighting their potential as environmentally friendly botanical alternatives to conventional chemical ovicides for managing Toxocara contamination.

Achillea salicifolia , Anthelmintic , Botanical Pesticide , Hedysarum gmelinii , In Vitro , Ovicidal Activity , Plant Extracts , Toxocara cati

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Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Technology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology, K. Kulazhanov Kazakh University of Technology and Business, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Computer Systems and Professional Education, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Scientific and Production Platform for Agricultural Biotechnology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana, Kazakhstan

Department of Veterinary Medicine
Department of Chemistry
Department of Computer Systems and Professional Education
Scientific and Production Platform for Agricultural Biotechnology

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