WATER DISTRIBUTION IN CHANNELS OF THE MOUNTAINOUS AND PIEDMONT AREA
Li M. Ibrayev T. Balgabayev N. Alimzhanov M. Zhakashov A.
2022National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan
News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Series of Geology and Technical Sciences
2022#6Issue 45696 - 105 pp.
In Kazakhstan, the most fertile and promising for irrigated agriculture are the lands of the mountain-foothill zone of the south and southeast of the country, composed mainly of sedimentary, effusive-sedimentary rocks. To a lesser extent, Ordovician and Upper Paleozoic intrusive complexes are common in the composition of bedrock. Neogene-Quaternary deposits of various genesis and lithological compositions are presented as cover deposits. Irrigation canals in this region are distinguished by large (over 0.02) bottom slopes and makeup approximately 30-40% of the length of all canals. And as we have seen from the best operating practices of bottom outlets, the main reason for lowering their capacity by 50-60% of the engineering costs is the helicoidally flow motion in receiving chamber. The purpose of scientific research is to the processes of water distribution of the bottom outlet on canals with a turbulent water flow regime. Scientific research was carried out in laboratory conditions at an experimental facility. The scientific research was conducted in laboratory conditions at an experimental facility. The process of helicoidally flow motion was observed during the experiments in a square receiving chamber. Graphs of variations in discharge capacity of bottom outlets with a square receiving chamber are plotted depending on its dimensions and water level difference in the tray and discharge pipe. The capacity grows with an increase in the dimensions of the rectangular receiving chamber. The bottom outlet with a square receiving chamber does not provide a designed waterway flow due to the helicoidally water flow motion in it. An aeration cord is formed in the center of the discharge pipe flow, and the discharge pipe does not function with a full cross-section. It is required to upgrade the hydraulic conditions of the waterway intake chamber and discharge facility pipe to increase the throughput capacity of the bottom water outlet using receiving chamber. This can be achieved: either by increasing the dimensions of the receiving chamber; or by installing an oblique front wall with a dividing partition at the rear wall of the receiving chamber.
bottom water outlet , field surveys , helicoidal motion , hydraulic operation , irrigation channels , receiving chamber , Water allocation
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Kazakh Research Institute of Water Economy, Taraz, Kazakhstan
Kazakh Research Institute of Water Economy
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