A three-dimensional micropillar electrode array-based microfluidic sensor for sensitive and stable voltammetric detection of phosphate
Li X. Zhao W. Li Y. Han H. Kulsharova G. Uddin E. Li J. Liu C.
4 August 2025Royal Society of Chemistry
Analyst
2025#150Issue 163615 - 3625 pp.
In this study, a sensor based on a three-dimensional gold micropillar array of working electrodes was designed and fabricated using microfluidic chip technology and electrochemical methods. The geometrical parameters of the micropillar working electrode array were optimized through simulation analysis to enhance the efficiency of the electrochemical reaction. The main results showed that the developed sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of −0.032 μA (μmol L−1)−1 for phosphate with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.7 μmol L−1 (S/N = 3) and a correlation coefficient of 0.99, which demonstrated a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 5-50 μmol L−1. In the consistency and stability tests, the sensor showed a low relative standard deviation (RSD = 1.3%) and only a 7% drop in response current over 30 days, demonstrating its long-term stability. In the ion interference test, common water ions had little effect on the sensors detection performance, demonstrating good resistance to interference. The sensor can be applied to the real-time detection of phosphate in groundwater.
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School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Province, Dalian, China
Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Province, Dalian, China
Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
School of Mechanical Engineering
Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province
Nazarbayev University
School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering
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