Iodine Adsorption in Nanoporous Carbon to Fabricate Assimilated Battery Electrodes for Durable Hybrid Supercapacitors
Larasati L.D. Supiyeva Z. Islam M.T. Abbas Q.
July 2024Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Materials
2024#17Issue 14
A hybrid supercapacitor is designed by coupling a battery electrode with a capacitive electrode in a single device/cell to enhance energy density. In iodine-based hybrid supercapacitors, the nanoporous carbon serves as the electrode material; however, the cathode or positive electrode is charged with iodine via electrodeposition from a redox aqueous electrolyte, while a negative electrode stores charges at the electric double-layer. In this work, iodine is loaded via physical adsorption into the porosity of a carbon electrode, keeping the aqueous electrolyte free from iodide redox moieties. By this way, the risk of polyiodide (I3− and I5−) generation at the positive electrode leading to a shuttling-related performance loss of the hybrid supercapacitor is prevented. Chemical interactions of iodine with the carbon surface and within the pores have been investigated with Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and electron microscopy. Electrochemical methods have been used to test individual electrodes and hybrid supercapacitors in aqueous NaNO3 and aqueous LiTFSI at 5 mol/L concentration for performance parameters such as energy efficiency, capacitance, self-discharge and cyclability. The hybrid supercapacitor in aqueous LiTFSI exhibits stable capacitance and energy efficiency during long-term aging tests at 1.5 V. Carbon nanoarchitecturing with iodine as shown in the present work offers an economical approach to enhance the performance of hybrid supercapacitors.
aqueous electrolyte , battery electrode , hybrid supercapacitor , iodine , LiTFSI , nanoporous carbon , supercapacitor
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Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, 58140, Turkey
Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, Graz, 8010, Austria
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Institute of Combustion Problems, 172 Bogenbay Batyr Str., Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology (PUT), Poznan, 60965, Poland
Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering
Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Institute of Combustion Problems
Faculty of Chemical Technology
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