Prevalence and mortality of infective endocarditis in Kazakhstan: A nationwide epidemiological study (2018–2022)
Kussainova Z. Dayer M. Bulegenov T. Abiltayev A. Abilmazhinova G. Tashtemirova O. Jakova G. Abralina S. Tuleshova G. Salikhanov I.
1 March 2025Elsevier B.V.
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health
2025#32
Background: Over the past two decades, the global incidence rate of Infective Endocarditis (IE) has increased significantly, reaching 7.0–14.3 cases per 100,000 individuals per annum. Concurrently, the three-month mortality rate has risen to nearly 40 %. Despite these alarming trends, the worldwide epidemiological profile of IE remains incomplete, mainly due to the lack of data from Central Asian countries. To address this gap, we have undertaken an in-depth analysis of the prevalence and mortality rates of IE in Kazakhstan. Methods: Using a nationwide database, we identified the annual trends in prevalence and mortality from IE in Kazakhstan over 5 years. Cumulative survival and potential demographic and clinical predictors of mortality among 1061 patients with IE were evaluated. Results: Between 2018 and 2022, the incidence rate of IE in Kazakhstan was 5.4 cases per 100,000 population per annum. 21.3 % of patients with IE required valve replacement. The peak in-hospital mortality rate was observed in 2021, reaching 27.8 %. Mortality rates were notably lower among patients who underwent surgery (OR 0.7; 95 % CI 0.48–0.92; p = 0.04). Conclusions: In Kazakhstan, despite a relatively low incidence of IE, the mortality rate among patients remains alarmingly high. Our comprehensive epidemiological analysis provides critical insights into IE incidence and mortality trends in Kazakhstan, offering valuable data that can significantly enhance the understanding and management of IE across Central Asia.
Central Asia , Infective endocarditis , Kazakhstan , Mortality , Prevalence
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Department of Public Health, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
Cardiovascular Research Institute, Dublin, Ireland
Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
Department of Hospital Surgery, Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
Department of Surgery, Semey Medical University, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan
Department of Internal Diseases and Pediatrics, Semey Medical University, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan
Pavlodar Regional Cardiology Center, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan
Department of Dental Disciplines and Maxillofacial Surgery, Semey, Kazakhstan
Center of Forensic Expertise of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan
Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Public Health
Cardiovascular Research Institute
Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland
University of Plymouth
Department of Hospital Surgery
Department of Surgery
Department of Internal Diseases and Pediatrics
Pavlodar Regional Cardiology Center
Department of Dental Disciplines and Maxillofacial Surgery
Center of Forensic Expertise of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Department of Cardiac Surgery
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