The relationship between energy consumption, pollution, economic growth and ICT: Structural equation modeling approach
Kurmanov N. Iskakov A. Adilbekuly M. Raimbekov B. Kirichok O. Nabiyeva M. Satbayeva A. Kenzhebayeva A. Adieyetova E. Nursultanova K. Utepkaliyeva K.
2024EnPress Publisher, LLC
Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development
2024#8Issue 8
The following paper assesses the relationship between electricity consumption, economic growth, environmental pollution, and Information and Communications Technology (ICT) development in Kazakhstan. Using the structural equation method, the study analyzes panel data gathered across various regions of Kazakhstan between 2014 and 2022. The data were sourced from official records of the Bureau of National Statistics of Kazakhstan and include all regions of Kazakhstan. The chosen timeframe includes the period from 2014, which marked a significant drop in oil prices that impacted the overall economic situation in the country, to 2022. The main hypotheses of the study relate to the impact of electricity consumption on economic growth, ICT, and environmental sustainability, as well as ICT’s role in economic development and environmental impact. The results show electricity consumption’s positive effect on economic growth and ICT development while also revealing an increase in pollutant emissions (emissions of liquid and gaseous pollutants) with economic growth and electricity consumption. The development of ICT in Kazakhstan has been revealed to not have a direct effect on reducing pollutant emissions into the environment, raising important questions about how technology can be leveraged to mitigate environmental impact, whether current technological advancements are sufficient to address environmental challenges, and what specific measures are needed to enhance the environmental benefits of ICT. There is a clear necessity to integrate sustainable practices and technologies to achieve balanced development. These results offer important insights into the relationships among electricity consumption, technology, economic development, and environmental issues. They underscore the complexity and multidimensionality of these interactions and suggest directions for future research, especially in the context of finding sustainable solutions for balanced development.
economic growth , energy consumption , energy efficiency , environmental policy , environmental pollution , information and communication technologies , sustainable development , technological innovation
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Department of Economics, L.N. Gumilyov, Eurasian National University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Economics and Law, Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University, Atyrau, 060011, Kazakhstan
Higher School of Business and Law, Kokshetau Shoqan Ualikhanov University, Kokshetau, 020000, Kazakhstan
Economic Faculty, Karaganda Buketov University, Karaganda, 100024, Kazakhstan
Graduate School of Humanities, Caspian University, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
Department of Risks, Development Bank of Kazakhstan JSC, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Finance, Accounting and Management, Kokshetau University named after Abai Myrzakhmetov, Kokshetau, 020000, Kazakhstan
Department of Economics
Faculty of Economics and Law
Higher School of Business and Law
Economic Faculty
Graduate School of Humanities
Department of Risks
Department of Finance
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