Current State of Natural Populations of Paeonia anomala (Paeoniaceae) in East Kazakhstan
Kubentayev S.A. Khapilina O.N. Ishmuratova M.Y. Sarkytbayeva A.K. Turzhanova A.S. Imanbayeva A.A. Alibekov D.T. Zhumagul M.Z.
November 2023Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Diversity
2023#15Issue 11
Paeonia anomala L. is a valuable and sought-after medicinal plant for treating therapeutic pathologies. The natural habitat of P. anomala in the Republic of Kazakhstan is located in the mountainous areas of the East Kazakhstan region. P. anomala is listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan as a rare species with limited distribution. In this regard, we studied a strategy for preserving the biological diversity of P. anomala wild population. In particular, the ecological, phytocenotic, and floristic characteristics of five P. anomala populations in East Kazakhstan were explored. The anatomical, morphological, and genetic variability of the species in various habitats was evaluated. Overall, the condition of the P. anomala population in the study region can be considered satisfactory. The floristic composition of P. anomala plant communities recorded 130 species belonging to 35 families and 101 genera. The northern slopes of mountains and shrub-grass communities with leached chernozem with high contents of N-NO3 and P2O5 appeared to be optimal for P. anomala growth. Asteraceae (13%), Rosaceae (13%), Poaceae (10%), and Ranunculaceae (9%) are the major families of P. anomala flora and plant communities. The Eurasian (54%), Asian (24%), and Holarctic (15%) groups were recognized as dominant in the chronological spectrum. Amplification with iPBS primers resulted in the generation of 505 fragments, 257 of which were polymorphic. Our research results indicate that the genetic differentiation of the Kazakhstan populations is not quite as high and may indicate their long-term existence within one large population. A separate branch is formed by the P5 population, which is located separately from other populations, confirming its genetic isolation. The analysis of genetic diversity iPBS markers suggests the existence of a large, unified P. anomala population in Kazakhstan Altai.
anatomical and morphological variability , conservation of biodiversity , floristic composition of species communities , genetic diversity , Kazakhstan , Paeonia
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Astana Botanical Garden, Orunbur 16, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Astana International University, Kabanbai Batyr 8, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
National Center for Biotechnology, Qorghalzhyn Hwy 13, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Botany, E.A. Buketov Karaganda University, St. Universitetskaya, 28, Karaganda, 100028, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Mangyshlak Experimental Botanical Garden, Microdistrict 10/2, Aktau, 130000, Kazakhstan
Astana Botanical Garden
Department of Graduate School of Natural Sciences
National Center for Biotechnology
Department of Botany
Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology
Mangyshlak Experimental Botanical Garden
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