Phosphating of Carbon Steel in Solutions based on Technogenic Raw Materials
Kubekova Sh.N. Kapralova V.I. Raimbekova A.S. Dalbanbay A. Kuli Zh. Ibragimov A.B. Mukhanov A.
December 2025Engineered Science Publisher
ES Materials and Manufacturing
2025#30
The properties of phosphate coatings formed on St3 carbon steel were investigated using calcium–manganese–phosphate solutions derived from Zhayrem ore beneficiation wastes and compared with conventional Mazhef salt solutions. Protective performance was evaluated using the drop method, gravimetric tests, and electrochemical techniques. Coatings obtained from the waste-derived solution at 85 °C for 60 minutes exhibited a protective capacity 1.5 times higher than those formed in Mazhef solutions. Electrochemical measurements confirmed this result, with corrosion current densities of 0.974 µA/ cm2 for waste-derived coatings, compared to 1.623 µA/cm2 for Mazhef coatings and 2.337 µA/cm2 for uncoated steel. Gravimetric tests showed a lower mass loss over 8 days of immersion (0.0024 g vs. 0.0058 g). SEM and EDS analyses revealed that waste-derived coatings formed dense Ca–Fe–Mn–P layers with a thickness of ~11.1 µm, while Mazhef coatings were thinner (2.96– 6.23 µm) and more porous. These findings demonstrate that manganese ore beneficiation wastes are an effective and sustainable source of phosphating agents for producing corrosion-resistant coatings on carbon steel.
Accepted: 18 September 2025 , Carbon steel , Corrosion resistance. 16 July 2025 , Phosphate coating , Phosphating , Protective ability , Revised: 15 September 2025
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Kazakh National Research Technical University named after K.I. Satpayev – Satbayev University, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Tashkent, 100170, Uzbekistan
Kazakh National Research Technical University named after K.I. Satpayev – Satbayev University
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
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